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/*
* diffraction.c
*
* Calculate diffraction patterns by Fourier methods
*
* (c) 2007-2009 Thomas White <thomas.white@desy.de>
*
* pattern_sim - Simulate diffraction patterns from small crystals
*
*/
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <complex.h>
#include "image.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "cell.h"
#include "ewald.h"
#include "diffraction.h"
#include "sfac.h"
/* Density of water in kg/m^3 */
#define WATER_DENSITY (1.0e6)
/* Molar mass of water, in kg/mol */
#define WATER_MOLAR_MASS (18.01528e3)
/* Avogadro's number */
#define AVOGADRO (6.022e23)
static double lattice_factor(struct threevec q, double ax, double ay, double az,
double bx, double by, double bz,
double cx, double cy, double cz)
{
struct threevec Udotq;
double f1, f2, f3;
int na = 4;
int nb = 4;
int nc = 30;
Udotq.u = ax*q.u + ay*q.v + az*q.w;
Udotq.v = bx*q.u + by*q.v + bz*q.w;
Udotq.w = cx*q.u + cy*q.v + cz*q.w;
/* At exact Bragg condition, f1 = na */
if ( na > 1 ) {
f1 = sin(M_PI*(double)na*Udotq.u) / sin(M_PI*Udotq.u);
} else {
f1 = 1.0;
}
/* At exact Bragg condition, f2 = nb */
if ( nb > 1 ) {
f2 = sin(M_PI*(double)nb*Udotq.v) / sin(M_PI*Udotq.v);
} else {
f2 = 1.0;
}
/* At exact Bragg condition, f3 = nc */
if ( nc > 1 ) {
f3 = sin(M_PI*(double)nc*Udotq.w) / sin(M_PI*Udotq.w);
} else {
f3 = 1.0;
}
/* At exact Bragg condition, this will multiply the molecular
* part of the structure factor by the number of unit cells,
* as desired (more scattering from bigger crystal!) */
return f1 * f2 * f3;
}
/* Look up the structure factor for the nearest Bragg condition */
static double complex molecule_factor(struct molecule *mol, struct threevec q,
double ax, double ay, double az,
double bx, double by, double bz,
double cx, double cy, double cz)
{
double hd, kd, ld;
signed int h, k, l;
double complex r;
hd = q.u * ax + q.v * ay + q.w * az;
kd = q.u * bx + q.v * by + q.w * bz;
ld = q.u * cx + q.v * cy + q.w * cz;
h = (signed int)rint(hd);
k = (signed int)rint(kd);
l = (signed int)rint(ld);
r = get_integral(mol->reflections, h, k, l);
return r;
}
double water_intensity(struct threevec q, double en)
{
complex double fH, fO;
double s, modq;
double intensity;
/* Interatomic distances in water molecule */
const double rOH = 0.09584e-9;
const double rHH = 0.1515e-9;
/* Dimensions of water column */
const double water_r = 0.5e-6;
const double beam_r = 1.5e-6;
/* Volume of water column */
const double water_v = M_PI*pow(water_r, 2.0) * 2.0 * beam_r;
/* Number of water molecules */
const double n_water = water_v * WATER_DENSITY
* (AVOGADRO / WATER_MOLAR_MASS);
/* s = sin(theta)/lambda = 1/2d = |q|/2 */
modq = modulus(q.u, q.v, q.w);
s = modq / 2.0;
fH = get_sfac("H", s, en);
fO = get_sfac("O", s, en);
/* Four O-H cross terms */
intensity = 4.0*fH*fO * sin(modq*rOH)/(modq*rOH);
/* Three H-H cross terms */
intensity += 3.0*fH*fH * sin(modq*rHH)/(modq*rHH);
/* Three diagonal terms */
intensity += 2.0*fH*fH + fO*fO;
return intensity * n_water;
}
void get_diffraction(struct image *image)
{
int x, y;
double ax, ay, az;
double bx, by, bz;
double cx, cy, cz;
/* Generate the array of reciprocal space vectors in image->qvecs */
get_ewald(image);
if ( image->molecule == NULL ) {
image->molecule = load_molecule();
if ( image->molecule == NULL ) return;
}
cell_get_cartesian(image->molecule->cell, &ax, &ay, &az,
&bx, &by, &bz,
&cx, &cy, &cz);
image->sfacs = malloc(image->width * image->height
* sizeof(double complex));
if ( image->molecule->reflections == NULL ) {
get_reflections_cached(image->molecule, image->xray_energy);
}
progress_bar(0, image->width-1);
for ( x=0; x<image->width; x++ ) {
for ( y=0; y<image->height; y++ ) {
double f_lattice;
double complex f_molecule;
struct threevec q;
double complex val;
q = image->qvecs[x + image->width*y];
f_lattice = lattice_factor(q, ax,ay,az,bx,by,bz,cx,cy,cz);
f_molecule = molecule_factor(image->molecule, q,
ax,ay,az,bx,by,bz,cx,cy,cz);
val = f_molecule * f_lattice;
image->sfacs[x + image->width*y] = val;
}
progress_bar(x, image->width-1);
}
}
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