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authorSteven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>2009-02-05 18:43:07 -0500
committerSteven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>2009-02-07 20:00:17 -0500
commit78d904b46a72fcf15ea6a39672bbef92953876b5 (patch)
tree69f56f7bbd1866491517d902bdf18ab973f0eb5f
parent1830b52d0de8c60c4f5dfbac134aa8f69d815801 (diff)
ring-buffer: add NMI protection for spinlocks
Impact: prevent deadlock in NMI The ring buffers are not yet totally lockless with writing to the buffer. When a writer crosses a page, it grabs a per cpu spinlock to protect against a reader. The spinlocks taken by a writer are not to protect against other writers, since a writer can only write to its own per cpu buffer. The spinlocks protect against readers that can touch any cpu buffer. The writers are made to be reentrant with the spinlocks disabling interrupts. The problem arises when an NMI writes to the buffer, and that write crosses a page boundary. If it grabs a spinlock, it can be racing with another writer (since disabling interrupts does not protect against NMIs) or with a reader on the same CPU. Luckily, most of the users are not reentrant and protects against this issue. But if a user of the ring buffer becomes reentrant (which is what the ring buffers do allow), if the NMI also writes to the ring buffer then we risk the chance of a deadlock. This patch moves the ftrace_nmi_enter called by nmi_enter() to the ring buffer code. It replaces the current ftrace_nmi_enter that is used by arch specific code to arch_ftrace_nmi_enter and updates the Kconfig to handle it. When an NMI is called, it will set a per cpu variable in the ring buffer code and will clear it when the NMI exits. If a write to the ring buffer crosses page boundaries inside an NMI, a trylock is used on the spin lock instead. If the spinlock fails to be acquired, then the entry is discarded. This bug appeared in the ftrace work in the RT tree, where event tracing is reentrant. This workaround solved the deadlocks that appeared there. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/Kconfig1
-rw-r--r--arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c8
-rw-r--r--include/linux/ftrace_irq.h10
-rw-r--r--kernel/trace/Kconfig8
-rw-r--r--kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c48
5 files changed, 68 insertions, 7 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
index 73f7fe8fd4d..a6be725cb04 100644
--- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ config X86
select HAVE_FUNCTION_TRACER
select HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
select HAVE_FUNCTION_TRACE_MCOUNT_TEST
+ select HAVE_FTRACE_NMI_ENTER if DYNAMIC_FTRACE || FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
select HAVE_KVM if ((X86_32 && !X86_VOYAGER && !X86_VISWS && !X86_NUMAQ) || X86_64)
select HAVE_ARCH_KGDB if !X86_VOYAGER
select HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
index 4d33224c055..4c683587055 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/ftrace.c
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ static void ftrace_mod_code(void)
MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE);
}
-void ftrace_nmi_enter(void)
+void arch_ftrace_nmi_enter(void)
{
atomic_inc(&in_nmi);
/* Must have in_nmi seen before reading write flag */
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ void ftrace_nmi_enter(void)
}
}
-void ftrace_nmi_exit(void)
+void arch_ftrace_nmi_exit(void)
{
/* Finish all executions before clearing in_nmi */
smp_wmb();
@@ -376,12 +376,12 @@ int ftrace_disable_ftrace_graph_caller(void)
*/
static atomic_t in_nmi;
-void ftrace_nmi_enter(void)
+void arch_ftrace_nmi_enter(void)
{
atomic_inc(&in_nmi);
}
-void ftrace_nmi_exit(void)
+void arch_ftrace_nmi_exit(void)
{
atomic_dec(&in_nmi);
}
diff --git a/include/linux/ftrace_irq.h b/include/linux/ftrace_irq.h
index 366a054d0b0..29de6779a96 100644
--- a/include/linux/ftrace_irq.h
+++ b/include/linux/ftrace_irq.h
@@ -2,7 +2,15 @@
#define _LINUX_FTRACE_IRQ_H
-#if defined(CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE) || defined(CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER)
+#ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_NMI_ENTER
+extern void arch_ftrace_nmi_enter(void);
+extern void arch_ftrace_nmi_exit(void);
+#else
+static inline void arch_ftrace_nmi_enter(void) { }
+static inline void arch_ftrace_nmi_exit(void) { }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_RING_BUFFER
extern void ftrace_nmi_enter(void);
extern void ftrace_nmi_exit(void);
#else
diff --git a/kernel/trace/Kconfig b/kernel/trace/Kconfig
index 28f2644484d..25131a5d5e4 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/Kconfig
+++ b/kernel/trace/Kconfig
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ config USER_STACKTRACE_SUPPORT
config NOP_TRACER
bool
+config HAVE_FTRACE_NMI_ENTER
+ bool
+
config HAVE_FUNCTION_TRACER
bool
@@ -37,6 +40,11 @@ config TRACER_MAX_TRACE
config RING_BUFFER
bool
+config FTRACE_NMI_ENTER
+ bool
+ depends on HAVE_FTRACE_NMI_ENTER
+ default y
+
config TRACING
bool
select DEBUG_FS
diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
index b36d7374cee..a60a6a852f4 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
* Copyright (C) 2008 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
*/
#include <linux/ring_buffer.h>
+#include <linux/ftrace_irq.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
@@ -19,6 +20,35 @@
#include "trace.h"
/*
+ * Since the write to the buffer is still not fully lockless,
+ * we must be careful with NMIs. The locks in the writers
+ * are taken when a write crosses to a new page. The locks
+ * protect against races with the readers (this will soon
+ * be fixed with a lockless solution).
+ *
+ * Because we can not protect against NMIs, and we want to
+ * keep traces reentrant, we need to manage what happens
+ * when we are in an NMI.
+ */
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, rb_in_nmi);
+
+void ftrace_nmi_enter(void)
+{
+ __get_cpu_var(rb_in_nmi)++;
+ /* call arch specific handler too */
+ arch_ftrace_nmi_enter();
+}
+
+void ftrace_nmi_exit(void)
+{
+ arch_ftrace_nmi_exit();
+ __get_cpu_var(rb_in_nmi)--;
+ /* NMIs are not recursive */
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(__get_cpu_var(rb_in_nmi));
+}
+
+
+/*
* A fast way to enable or disable all ring buffers is to
* call tracing_on or tracing_off. Turning off the ring buffers
* prevents all ring buffers from being recorded to.
@@ -982,6 +1012,7 @@ __rb_reserve_next(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
struct ring_buffer *buffer = cpu_buffer->buffer;
struct ring_buffer_event *event;
unsigned long flags;
+ bool lock_taken = false;
commit_page = cpu_buffer->commit_page;
/* we just need to protect against interrupts */
@@ -995,7 +1026,19 @@ __rb_reserve_next(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
struct buffer_page *next_page = tail_page;
local_irq_save(flags);
- __raw_spin_lock(&cpu_buffer->lock);
+ /*
+ * NMIs can happen after we take the lock.
+ * If we are in an NMI, only take the lock
+ * if it is not already taken. Otherwise
+ * simply fail.
+ */
+ if (unlikely(__get_cpu_var(rb_in_nmi))) {
+ if (!__raw_spin_trylock(&cpu_buffer->lock))
+ goto out_unlock;
+ } else
+ __raw_spin_lock(&cpu_buffer->lock);
+
+ lock_taken = true;
rb_inc_page(cpu_buffer, &next_page);
@@ -1097,7 +1140,8 @@ __rb_reserve_next(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
if (tail <= BUF_PAGE_SIZE)
local_set(&tail_page->write, tail);
- __raw_spin_unlock(&cpu_buffer->lock);
+ if (likely(lock_taken))
+ __raw_spin_unlock(&cpu_buffer->lock);
local_irq_restore(flags);
return NULL;
}