diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation')
35 files changed, 1188 insertions, 799 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/debugobjects.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/debugobjects.tmpl index 7f5f218015f..08ff908aa7a 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/debugobjects.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/debugobjects.tmpl @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ number of errors are printk'ed including a full stack trace. </para> <para> - The statistics are available via debugfs/debug_objects/stats. + The statistics are available via /sys/kernel/debug/debug_objects/stats. They provide information about the number of warnings and the number of successful fixups along with information about the usage of the internal tracking objects and the state of the diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/mac80211.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/mac80211.tmpl index fbeaffc1dcc..e3698666357 100644 --- a/Documentation/DocBook/mac80211.tmpl +++ b/Documentation/DocBook/mac80211.tmpl @@ -145,7 +145,6 @@ usage should require reading the full document. interface in STA mode at first! </para> !Finclude/net/mac80211.h ieee80211_if_init_conf -!Finclude/net/mac80211.h ieee80211_if_conf </chapter> <chapter id="rx-tx"> diff --git a/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt b/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt index cf1f8126991..1c407778c8b 100644 --- a/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt +++ b/Documentation/cdrom/packet-writing.txt @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ Using the pktcdvd debugfs interface To read pktcdvd device infos in human readable form, do: - # cat /debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/info + # cat /sys/kernel/debug/pktcdvd/pktcdvd[0-7]/info For a description of the debugfs interface look into the file: diff --git a/Documentation/driver-model/device.txt b/Documentation/driver-model/device.txt index a7cbfff40d0..a124f3126b0 100644 --- a/Documentation/driver-model/device.txt +++ b/Documentation/driver-model/device.txt @@ -162,3 +162,35 @@ device_remove_file(dev,&dev_attr_power); The file name will be 'power' with a mode of 0644 (-rw-r--r--). +Word of warning: While the kernel allows device_create_file() and +device_remove_file() to be called on a device at any time, userspace has +strict expectations on when attributes get created. When a new device is +registered in the kernel, a uevent is generated to notify userspace (like +udev) that a new device is available. If attributes are added after the +device is registered, then userspace won't get notified and userspace will +not know about the new attributes. + +This is important for device driver that need to publish additional +attributes for a device at driver probe time. If the device driver simply +calls device_create_file() on the device structure passed to it, then +userspace will never be notified of the new attributes. Instead, it should +probably use class_create() and class->dev_attrs to set up a list of +desired attributes in the modules_init function, and then in the .probe() +hook, and then use device_create() to create a new device as a child +of the probed device. The new device will generate a new uevent and +properly advertise the new attributes to userspace. + +For example, if a driver wanted to add the following attributes: +struct device_attribute mydriver_attribs[] = { + __ATTR(port_count, 0444, port_count_show), + __ATTR(serial_number, 0444, serial_number_show), + NULL +}; + +Then in the module init function is would do: + mydriver_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "my_attrs"); + mydriver_class.dev_attr = mydriver_attribs; + +And assuming 'dev' is the struct device passed into the probe hook, the driver +probe function would do something like: + create_device(&mydriver_class, dev, chrdev, &private_data, "my_name"); diff --git a/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt b/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt index 4bc374a1434..07930564079 100644 --- a/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt +++ b/Documentation/fault-injection/fault-injection.txt @@ -29,16 +29,16 @@ o debugfs entries fault-inject-debugfs kernel module provides some debugfs entries for runtime configuration of fault-injection capabilities. -- /debug/fail*/probability: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/probability: likelihood of failure injection, in percent. Format: <percent> Note that one-failure-per-hundred is a very high error rate for some testcases. Consider setting probability=100 and configure - /debug/fail*/interval for such testcases. + /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/interval for such testcases. -- /debug/fail*/interval: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/interval: specifies the interval between failures, for calls to should_fail() that pass all the other tests. @@ -46,18 +46,18 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities. Note that if you enable this, by setting interval>1, you will probably want to set probability=100. -- /debug/fail*/times: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/times: specifies how many times failures may happen at most. A value of -1 means "no limit". -- /debug/fail*/space: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/space: specifies an initial resource "budget", decremented by "size" on each call to should_fail(,size). Failure injection is suppressed until "space" reaches zero. -- /debug/fail*/verbose +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/verbose Format: { 0 | 1 | 2 } specifies the verbosity of the messages when failure is @@ -65,17 +65,17 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities. log line per failure; '2' will print a call trace too -- useful to debug the problems revealed by fault injection. -- /debug/fail*/task-filter: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/task-filter: Format: { 'Y' | 'N' } A value of 'N' disables filtering by process (default). Any positive value limits failures to only processes indicated by /proc/<pid>/make-it-fail==1. -- /debug/fail*/require-start: -- /debug/fail*/require-end: -- /debug/fail*/reject-start: -- /debug/fail*/reject-end: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/require-start: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/require-end: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/reject-start: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/reject-end: specifies the range of virtual addresses tested during stacktrace walking. Failure is injected only if some caller @@ -84,26 +84,26 @@ configuration of fault-injection capabilities. Default required range is [0,ULONG_MAX) (whole of virtual address space). Default rejected range is [0,0). -- /debug/fail*/stacktrace-depth: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail*/stacktrace-depth: specifies the maximum stacktrace depth walked during search for a caller within [require-start,require-end) OR [reject-start,reject-end). -- /debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-highmem: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-highmem: Format: { 'Y' | 'N' } default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' won't inject failures into highmem/user allocations. -- /debug/failslab/ignore-gfp-wait: -- /debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-wait: +- /sys/kernel/debug/failslab/ignore-gfp-wait: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail_page_alloc/ignore-gfp-wait: Format: { 'Y' | 'N' } default is 'N', setting it to 'Y' will inject failures only into non-sleep allocations (GFP_ATOMIC allocations). -- /debug/fail_page_alloc/min-order: +- /sys/kernel/debug/fail_page_alloc/min-order: specifies the minimum page allocation order to be injected failures. @@ -166,13 +166,13 @@ o Inject slab allocation failures into module init/exit code #!/bin/bash FAILTYPE=failslab -echo Y > /debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter -echo 10 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/probability -echo 100 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/interval -echo -1 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/times -echo 0 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/space -echo 2 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose -echo 1 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait +echo Y > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter +echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability +echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval +echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times +echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space +echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose +echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait faulty_system() { @@ -217,20 +217,20 @@ then exit 1 fi -cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.text > /debug/$FAILTYPE/require-start -cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.data > /debug/$FAILTYPE/require-end +cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.text > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/require-start +cat /sys/module/$module/sections/.data > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/require-end -echo N > /debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter -echo 10 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/probability -echo 100 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/interval -echo -1 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/times -echo 0 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/space -echo 2 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose -echo 1 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait -echo 1 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-highmem -echo 10 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/stacktrace-depth +echo N > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/task-filter +echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability +echo 100 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/interval +echo -1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/times +echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/space +echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/verbose +echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-wait +echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/ignore-gfp-highmem +echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/stacktrace-depth -trap "echo 0 > /debug/$FAILTYPE/probability" SIGINT SIGTERM EXIT +trap "echo 0 > /sys/kernel/debug/$FAILTYPE/probability" SIGINT SIGTERM EXIT echo "Injecting errors into the module $module... (interrupt to stop)" sleep 1000000 diff --git a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt index ec9ef5d0d7b..7129846a278 100644 --- a/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt +++ b/Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt @@ -438,6 +438,13 @@ Why: Superseded by tdfxfb. I2C/DDC support used to live in a separate Who: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@wp.pl> +--------------------------- + +What: CONFIG_RFKILL_INPUT +When: 2.6.33 +Why: Should be implemented in userspace, policy daemon. +Who: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> + ---------------------------- What: CONFIG_X86_OLD_MCE diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/nilfs2.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/nilfs2.txt index 55c4300abfc..01539f41067 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/nilfs2.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/nilfs2.txt @@ -39,9 +39,8 @@ Features which NILFS2 does not support yet: - extended attributes - POSIX ACLs - quotas - - writable snapshots - - remote backup (CDP) - - data integrity + - fsck + - resize - defragmentation Mount options diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt index 5147be5e13c..b58b84b50fa 100644 --- a/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/vfat.txt @@ -132,6 +132,11 @@ rodir -- FAT has the ATTR_RO (read-only) attribute. On Windows, If you want to use ATTR_RO as read-only flag even for the directory, set this option. +errors=panic|continue|remount-ro + -- specify FAT behavior on critical errors: panic, continue + without doing anything or remount the partition in + read-only mode (default behavior). + <bool>: 0,1,yes,no,true,false TODO diff --git a/Documentation/firmware_class/README b/Documentation/firmware_class/README index c3480aa66ba..7eceaff63f5 100644 --- a/Documentation/firmware_class/README +++ b/Documentation/firmware_class/README @@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ seconds for the whole load operation. - request_firmware_nowait() is also provided for convenience in - non-user contexts. + user contexts to request firmware asynchronously, but can't be called + in atomic contexts. about in-kernel persistence: diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg b/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg index a8321267b5b..bee4c30bc1e 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/f71882fg @@ -2,14 +2,18 @@ Kernel driver f71882fg ====================== Supported chips: - * Fintek F71882FG and F71883FG - Prefix: 'f71882fg' + * Fintek F71858FG + Prefix: 'f71858fg' Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website * Fintek F71862FG and F71863FG Prefix: 'f71862fg' Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website + * Fintek F71882FG and F71883FG + Prefix: 'f71882fg' + Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space + Datasheet: Available from the Fintek website * Fintek F8000 Prefix: 'f8000' Addresses scanned: none, address read from Super I/O config space @@ -66,13 +70,13 @@ printed when loading the driver. Three different fan control modes are supported; the mode number is written to the pwm#_enable file. Note that not all modes are supported on all -chips, and some modes may only be available in RPM / PWM mode on the F8000. +chips, and some modes may only be available in RPM / PWM mode. Writing an unsupported mode will result in an invalid parameter error. * 1: Manual mode You ask for a specific PWM duty cycle / DC voltage or a specific % of fan#_full_speed by writing to the pwm# file. This mode is only - available on the F8000 if the fan channel is in RPM mode. + available on the F71858FG / F8000 if the fan channel is in RPM mode. * 2: Normal auto mode You can define a number of temperature/fan speed trip points, which % the diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/ibmaem b/Documentation/hwmon/ibmaem index e98bdfea346..1e0d59e000b 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/ibmaem +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/ibmaem @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ henceforth as AEM. Supported systems: * Any recent IBM System X server with AEM support. This includes the x3350, x3550, x3650, x3655, x3755, x3850 M2, - x3950 M2, and certain HS2x/LS2x/QS2x blades. The IPMI host interface + x3950 M2, and certain HC10/HS2x/LS2x/QS2x blades. The IPMI host interface driver ("ipmi-si") needs to be loaded for this driver to do anything. Prefix: 'ibmaem' Datasheet: Not available diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface b/Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface index 004ee161721..dcbd502c879 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface @@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ are interpreted as 0! For more on how written strings are interpreted see the [0-*] denotes any positive number starting from 0 [1-*] denotes any positive number starting from 1 RO read only value +WO write only value RW read/write value Read/write values may be read-only for some chips, depending on the @@ -295,6 +296,24 @@ temp[1-*]_label Suggested temperature channel label. user-space. RO +temp[1-*]_lowest + Historical minimum temperature + Unit: millidegree Celsius + RO + +temp[1-*]_highest + Historical maximum temperature + Unit: millidegree Celsius + RO + +temp[1-*]_reset_history + Reset temp_lowest and temp_highest + WO + +temp_reset_history + Reset temp_lowest and temp_highest for all sensors + WO + Some chips measure temperature using external thermistors and an ADC, and report the temperature measurement as a voltage. Converting this voltage back to a temperature (or the other way around for limits) requires diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/tmp401 b/Documentation/hwmon/tmp401 new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9fc44724921 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/tmp401 @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +Kernel driver tmp401 +==================== + +Supported chips: + * Texas Instruments TMP401 + Prefix: 'tmp401' + Addresses scanned: I2C 0x4c + Datasheet: http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tmp401.html + * Texas Instruments TMP411 + Prefix: 'tmp411' + Addresses scanned: I2C 0x4c + Datasheet: http://focus.ti.com/docs/prod/folders/print/tmp411.html + +Authors: + Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com> + Andre Prendel <andre.prendel@gmx.de> + +Description +----------- + +This driver implements support for Texas Instruments TMP401 and +TMP411 chips. These chips implements one remote and one local +temperature sensor. Temperature is measured in degrees +Celsius. Resolution of the remote sensor is 0.0625 degree. Local +sensor resolution can be set to 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 or 0.0625 degree (not +supported by the driver so far, so using the default resolution of 0.5 +degree). + +The driver provides the common sysfs-interface for temperatures (see +/Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface under Temperatures). + +The TMP411 chip is compatible with TMP401. It provides some additional +features. + +* Minimum and Maximum temperature measured since power-on, chip-reset + + Exported via sysfs attributes tempX_lowest and tempX_highest. + +* Reset of historical minimum/maximum temperature measurements + + Exported via sysfs attribute temp_reset_history. Writing 1 to this + file triggers a reset. diff --git a/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf b/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf index b6eb59384bb..02b74899eda 100644 --- a/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf +++ b/Documentation/hwmon/w83627ehf @@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ Supported chips: Addresses scanned: ISA address retrieved from Super I/O registers Datasheet: http://www.nuvoton.com.tw/NR/rdonlyres/7885623D-A487-4CF9-A47F-30C5F73D6FE6/0/W83627DHG.pdf + * Winbond W83627DHG-P + Prefix: 'w83627dhg' + Addresses scanned: ISA address retrieved from Super I/O registers + Datasheet: not available * Winbond W83667HG Prefix: 'w83667hg' Addresses scanned: ISA address retrieved from Super I/O registers @@ -28,8 +32,8 @@ Description ----------- This driver implements support for the Winbond W83627EHF, W83627EHG, -W83627DHG and W83667HG super I/O chips. We will refer to them collectively -as Winbond chips. +W83627DHG, W83627DHG-P and W83667HG super I/O chips. We will refer to them +collectively as Winbond chips. The chips implement three temperature sensors, five fan rotation speed sensors, ten analog voltage sensors (only nine for the 627DHG), one @@ -135,3 +139,6 @@ done in the driver for all register addresses. The DHG also supports PECI, where the DHG queries Intel CPU temperatures, and the ICH8 southbridge gets that data via PECI from the DHG, so that the southbridge drives the fans. And the DHG supports SST, a one-wire serial bus. + +The DHG-P has an additional automatic fan speed control mode named Smart Fan +(TM) III+. This mode is not yet supported by the driver. diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-viapro b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-viapro index 22efedf60c8..2e758b0e945 100644 --- a/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-viapro +++ b/Documentation/i2c/busses/i2c-viapro @@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ Supported adapters: * VIA Technologies, Inc. VX800/VX820 Datasheet: available on http://linux.via.com.tw + * VIA Technologies, Inc. VX855/VX875 + Datasheet: Availability unknown + Authors: Kyösti Mälkki <kmalkki@cc.hut.fi>, Mark D. Studebaker <mdsxyz123@yahoo.com>, @@ -53,6 +56,7 @@ Your lspci -n listing must show one of these : device 1106:3287 (VT8251) device 1106:8324 (CX700) device 1106:8353 (VX800/VX820) + device 1106:8409 (VX855/VX875) If none of these show up, you should look in the BIOS for settings like enable ACPI / SMBus or even USB. diff --git a/Documentation/isdn/00-INDEX b/Documentation/isdn/00-INDEX index 5a2d69989a8..f6010a53659 100644 --- a/Documentation/isdn/00-INDEX +++ b/Documentation/isdn/00-INDEX @@ -22,16 +22,11 @@ README.gigaset - info on the drivers for Siemens Gigaset ISDN adapters. README.icn - info on the ICN-ISDN-card and its driver. +>>>>>>> 93af7aca44f0e82e67bda10a0fb73d383edcc8bd:Documentation/isdn/00-INDEX README.HiSax - info on the HiSax driver which replaces the old teles. -README.hfc-pci - - info on hfc-pci based cards. -README.pcbit - - info on the PCBIT-D ISDN adapter and driver. -README.syncppp - - info on running Sync PPP over ISDN. -syncPPP.FAQ - - frequently asked questions about running PPP over ISDN. +README.audio + - info for running audio over ISDN. README.avmb1 - info on driver for AVM-B1 ISDN card. README.act2000 @@ -42,10 +37,28 @@ README.concap - info on "CONCAP" encapsulation protocol interface used for X.25. README.diversion - info on module for isdn diversion services. +README.fax + - info for using Fax over ISDN. +README.gigaset + - info on the drivers for Siemens Gigaset ISDN adapters +README.hfc-pci + - info on hfc-pci based cards. +README.hysdn + - info on driver for Hypercope active HYSDN cards +README.icn + - info on the ICN-ISDN-card and its driver. +README.mISDN + - info on the Modular ISDN subsystem (mISDN) +README.pcbit + - info on the PCBIT-D ISDN adapter and driver. README.sc - info on driver for Spellcaster cards. +README.syncppp + - info on running Sync PPP over ISDN. README.x25 - info for running X.25 over ISDN. +syncPPP.FAQ + - frequently asked questions about running PPP over ISDN. README.hysdn - info on driver for Hypercope active HYSDN cards README.mISDN diff --git a/Documentation/isdn/INTERFACE.CAPI b/Documentation/isdn/INTERFACE.CAPI index 786d619b36e..686e107923e 100644 --- a/Documentation/isdn/INTERFACE.CAPI +++ b/Documentation/isdn/INTERFACE.CAPI @@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ From then on, Kernel CAPI may call the registered callback functions for the device. If the device becomes unusable for any reason (shutdown, disconnect ...), the -driver has to call capi_ctr_reseted(). This will prevent further calls to the +driver has to call capi_ctr_down(). This will prevent further calls to the callback functions by Kernel CAPI. @@ -114,20 +114,36 @@ char *driver_name int (*load_firmware)(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr, capiloaddata *ldata) (optional) pointer to a callback function for sending firmware and configuration data to the device + Return value: 0 on success, error code on error + Called in process context. void (*reset_ctr)(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) - pointer to a callback function for performing a reset on the device, - releasing all registered applications + (optional) pointer to a callback function for performing a reset on + the device, releasing all registered applications + Called in process context. void (*register_appl)(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr, u16 applid, capi_register_params *rparam) void (*release_appl)(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr, u16 applid) pointers to callback functions for registration and deregistration of applications with the device + Calls to these functions are serialized by Kernel CAPI so that only + one call to any of them is active at any time. u16 (*send_message)(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr, struct sk_buff *skb) pointer to a callback function for sending a CAPI message to the device + Return value: CAPI error code + If the method returns 0 (CAPI_NOERROR) the driver has taken ownership + of the skb and the caller may no longer access it. If it returns a + non-zero (error) value then ownership of the skb returns to the caller + who may reuse or free it. + The return value should only be used to signal problems with respect + to accepting or queueing the message. Errors occurring during the + actual processing of the message should be signaled with an + appropriate reply message. + Calls to this function are not serialized by Kernel CAPI, ie. it must + be prepared to be re-entered. char *(*procinfo)(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) pointer to a callback function returning the entry for the device in @@ -138,6 +154,8 @@ read_proc_t *ctr_read_proc system entry, /proc/capi/controllers/<n>; will be called with a pointer to the device's capi_ctr structure as the last (data) argument +Note: Callback functions are never called in interrupt context. + - to be filled in before calling capi_ctr_ready(): u8 manu[CAPI_MANUFACTURER_LEN] @@ -153,6 +171,45 @@ u8 serial[CAPI_SERIAL_LEN] value to return for CAPI_GET_SERIAL +4.3 The _cmsg Structure + +(declared in <linux/isdn/capiutil.h>) + +The _cmsg structure stores the contents of a CAPI 2.0 message in an easily +accessible form. It contains members for all possible CAPI 2.0 parameters, of +which only those appearing in the message type currently being processed are +actually used. Unused members should be set to zero. + +Members are named after the CAPI 2.0 standard names of the parameters they +represent. See <linux/isdn/capiutil.h> for the exact spelling. Member data +types are: + +u8 for CAPI parameters of type 'byte' + +u16 for CAPI parameters of type 'word' + +u32 for CAPI parameters of type 'dword' + +_cstruct for CAPI parameters of type 'struct' not containing any + variably-sized (struct) subparameters (eg. 'Called Party Number') + The member is a pointer to a buffer containing the parameter in + CAPI encoding (length + content). It may also be NULL, which will + be taken to represent an empty (zero length) parameter. + +_cmstruct for CAPI parameters of type 'struct' containing 'struct' + subparameters ('Additional Info' and 'B Protocol') + The representation is a single byte containing one of the values: + CAPI_DEFAULT: the parameter is empty + CAPI_COMPOSE: the values of the subparameters are stored + individually in the corresponding _cmsg structure members + +Functions capi_cmsg2message() and capi_message2cmsg() are provided to convert +messages between their transport encoding described in the CAPI 2.0 standard +and their _cmsg structure representation. Note that capi_cmsg2message() does +not know or check the size of its destination buffer. The caller must make +sure it is big enough to accomodate the resulting CAPI message. + + 5. Lower Layer Interface Functions (declared in <linux/isdn/capilli.h>) @@ -166,7 +223,7 @@ int detach_capi_ctr(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) register/unregister a device (controller) with Kernel CAPI void capi_ctr_ready(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) -void capi_ctr_reseted(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) +void capi_ctr_down(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) signal controller ready/not ready void capi_ctr_suspend_output(struct capi_ctr *ctrlr) @@ -211,3 +268,32 @@ CAPIMSG_CONTROL(m) CAPIMSG_SETCONTROL(m, contr) Controller/PLCI/NCCI (u32) CAPIMSG_DATALEN(m) CAPIMSG_SETDATALEN(m, len) Data Length (u16) + +Library functions for working with _cmsg structures +(from <linux/isdn/capiutil.h>): + +unsigned capi_cmsg2message(_cmsg *cmsg, u8 *msg) + Assembles a CAPI 2.0 message from the parameters in *cmsg, storing the + result in *msg. + +unsigned capi_message2cmsg(_cmsg *cmsg, u8 *msg) + Disassembles the CAPI 2.0 message in *msg, storing the parameters in + *cmsg. + +unsigned capi_cmsg_header(_cmsg *cmsg, u16 ApplId, u8 Command, u8 Subcommand, + u16 Messagenumber, u32 Controller) + Fills the header part and address field of the _cmsg structure *cmsg + with the given values, zeroing the remainder of the structure so only + parameters with non-default values need to be changed before sending + the message. + +void capi_cmsg_answer(_cmsg *cmsg) + Sets the low bit of the Subcommand field in *cmsg, thereby converting + _REQ to _CONF and _IND to _RESP. + +char *capi_cmd2str(u8 Command, u8 Subcommand) + Returns the CAPI 2.0 message name corresponding to the given command + and subcommand values, as a static ASCII string. The return value may + be NULL if the command/subcommand is not one of those defined in the + CAPI 2.0 standard. + diff --git a/Documentation/isdn/README.gigaset b/Documentation/isdn/README.gigaset index 02c0e9341dd..f9963103ae3 100644 --- a/Documentation/isdn/README.gigaset +++ b/Documentation/isdn/README.gigaset @@ -149,10 +149,8 @@ GigaSet 307x Device Driver configuration files and chat scripts in the gigaset-VERSION/ppp directory in the driver packages from http://sourceforge.net/projects/gigaset307x/. Please note that the USB drivers are not able to change the state of the - control lines (the M105 driver can be configured to use some undocumented - control requests, if you really need the control lines, though). This means - you must use "Stupid Mode" if you are using wvdial or you should use the - nocrtscts option of pppd. + control lines. This means you must use "Stupid Mode" if you are using + wvdial or you should use the nocrtscts option of pppd. You must also assure that the ppp_async module is loaded with the parameter flag_time=0. You can do this e.g. by adding a line like @@ -190,20 +188,19 @@ GigaSet 307x Device Driver You can also use /sys/class/tty/ttyGxy/cidmode for changing the CID mode setting (ttyGxy is ttyGU0 or ttyGB0). -2.6. M105 Undocumented USB Requests - ------------------------------ - - The Gigaset M105 USB data box understands a couple of useful, but - undocumented USB commands. These requests are not used in normal - operation (for wireless access to the base), but are needed for access - to the M105's own configuration mode (registration to the base, baudrate - and line format settings, device status queries) via the gigacontr - utility. Their use is controlled by the kernel configuration option - "Support for undocumented USB requests" (CONFIG_GIGASET_UNDOCREQ). If you - encounter error code -ENOTTY when trying to use some features of the - M105, try setting that option to "y" via 'make {x,menu}config' and - recompiling the driver. - +2.6. Unregistered Wireless Devices (M101/M105) + ----------------------------------------- + The main purpose of the ser_gigaset and usb_gigaset drivers is to allow + the M101 and M105 wireless devices to be used as ISDN devices for ISDN + connections through a Gigaset base. Therefore they assume that the device + is registered to a DECT base. + + If the M101/M105 device is not registered to a base, initialization of + the device fails, and a corresponding error message is logged by the + driver. In that situation, a restricted set of functions is available + which includes, in particular, those necessary for registering the device + to a base or for switching it between Fixed Part and Portable Part + modes. 3. Troubleshooting --------------- @@ -234,11 +231,12 @@ GigaSet 307x Device Driver Select Unimodem mode for all DECT data adapters. (see section 2.4.) Problem: - You want to configure your USB DECT data adapter (M105) but gigacontr - reports an error: "/dev/ttyGU0: Inappropriate ioctl for device". + Messages like this: + usb_gigaset 3-2:1.0: Could not initialize the device. + appear in your syslog. Solution: - Recompile the usb_gigaset driver with the kernel configuration option - CONFIG_GIGASET_UNDOCREQ set to 'y'. (see section 2.6.) + Check whether your M10x wireless device is correctly registered to the + Gigaset base. (see section 2.6.) 3.2. Telling the driver to provide more information ---------------------------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt index 5f66ba295c5..ad380063077 100644 --- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt +++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt @@ -491,6 +491,13 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file Also note the kernel might malfunction if you disable some critical bits. + cmo_free_hint= [PPC] Format: { yes | no } + Specify whether pages are marked as being inactive + when they are freed. This is used in CMO environments + to determine OS memory pressure for page stealing by + a hypervisor. + Default: yes + code_bytes [X86] How many bytes of object code to print in an oops report. Range: 0 - 8192 diff --git a/Documentation/kprobes.txt b/Documentation/kprobes.txt index 1e7a769a10f..053037a1fe6 100644 --- a/Documentation/kprobes.txt +++ b/Documentation/kprobes.txt @@ -507,9 +507,9 @@ http://www.linuxsymposium.org/2006/linuxsymposium_procv2.pdf (pages 101-115) Appendix A: The kprobes debugfs interface With recent kernels (> 2.6.20) the list of registered kprobes is visible -under the /debug/kprobes/ directory (assuming debugfs is mounted at /debug). +under the /sys/kernel/debug/kprobes/ directory (assuming debugfs is mounted at //sys/kernel/debug). -/debug/kprobes/list: Lists all registered probes on the system +/sys/kernel/debug/kprobes/list: Lists all registered probes on the system c015d71a k vfs_read+0x0 c011a316 j do_fork+0x0 @@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ virtual addresses that correspond to modules that've been unloaded), such probes are marked with [GONE]. If the probe is temporarily disabled, such probes are marked with [DISABLED]. -/debug/kprobes/enabled: Turn kprobes ON/OFF forcibly. +/sys/kernel/debug/kprobes/enabled: Turn kprobes ON/OFF forcibly. Provides a knob to globally and forcibly turn registered kprobes ON or OFF. By default, all kprobes are enabled. By echoing "0" to this file, all diff --git a/Documentation/networking/can.txt b/Documentation/networking/can.txt index 463d9e029ef..cd79735013f 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/can.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/can.txt @@ -36,10 +36,15 @@ This file contains 6.2 local loopback of sent frames 6.3 CAN controller hardware filters 6.4 The virtual CAN driver (vcan) - 6.5 currently supported CAN hardware - 6.6 todo + 6.5 The CAN network device driver interface + 6.5.1 Netlink interface to set/get devices properties + 6.5.2 Setting the CAN bit-timing + 6.5.3 Starting and stopping the CAN network device + 6.6 supported CAN hardware - 7 Credits + 7 Socket CAN resources + + 8 Credits ============================================================================ @@ -234,6 +239,8 @@ solution for a couple of reasons: the user application using the common CAN filter mechanisms. Inside this filter definition the (interested) type of errors may be selected. The reception of error frames is disabled by default. + The format of the CAN error frame is briefly decribed in the Linux + header file "include/linux/can/error.h". 4. How to use Socket CAN ------------------------ @@ -605,61 +612,213 @@ solution for a couple of reasons: removal of vcan network devices can be managed with the ip(8) tool: - Create a virtual CAN network interface: - ip link add type vcan + $ ip link add type vcan - Create a virtual CAN network interface with a specific name 'vcan42': - ip link add dev vcan42 type vcan + $ ip link add dev vcan42 type vcan - Remove a (virtual CAN) network interface 'vcan42': - ip link del vcan42 - - The tool 'vcan' from the SocketCAN SVN repository on BerliOS is obsolete. - - Virtual CAN network device creation in older Kernels: - In Linux Kernel versions < 2.6.24 the vcan driver creates 4 vcan - netdevices at module load time by default. This value can be changed - with the module parameter 'numdev'. E.g. 'modprobe vcan numdev=8' - - 6.5 currently supported CAN hardware + $ ip link del vcan42 + + 6.5 The CAN network device driver interface + + The CAN network device driver interface provides a generic interface + to setup, configure and monitor CAN network devices. The user can then + configure the CAN device, like setting the bit-timing parameters, via + the netlink interface using the program "ip" from the "IPROUTE2" + utility suite. The following chapter describes briefly how to use it. + Furthermore, the interface uses a common data structure and exports a + set of common functions, which all real CAN network device drivers + should use. Please have a look to the SJA1000 or MSCAN driver to + understand how to use them. The name of the module is can-dev.ko. + + 6.5.1 Netlink interface to set/get devices properties + + The CAN device must be configured via netlink interface. The supported + netlink message types are defined and briefly described in + "include/linux/can/netlink.h". CAN link support for the program "ip" + of the IPROUTE2 utility suite is avaiable and it can be used as shown + below: + + - Setting CAN device properties: + + $ ip link set can0 type can help + Usage: ip link set DEVICE type can + [ bitrate BITRATE [ sample-point SAMPLE-POINT] ] | + [ tq TQ prop-seg PROP_SEG phase-seg1 PHASE-SEG1 + phase-seg2 PHASE-SEG2 [ sjw SJW ] ] + + [ loopback { on | off } ] + [ listen-only { on | off } ] + [ triple-sampling { on | off } ] + + [ restart-ms TIME-MS ] + [ restart ] + + Where: BITRATE := { 1..1000000 } + SAMPLE-POINT := { 0.000..0.999 } + TQ := { NUMBER } + PROP-SEG := { 1..8 } + PHASE-SEG1 := { 1..8 } + PHASE-SEG2 := { 1..8 } + SJW := { 1..4 } + RESTART-MS := { 0 | NUMBER } + + - Display CAN device details and statistics: + + $ ip -details -statistics link show can0 + 2: can0: <NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP,ECHO> mtu 16 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 10 + link/can + can <TRIPLE-SAMPLING> state ERROR-ACTIVE restart-ms 100 + bitrate 125000 sample_point 0.875 + tq 125 prop-seg 6 phase-seg1 7 phase-seg2 2 sjw 1 + sja1000: tseg1 1..16 tseg2 1..8 sjw 1..4 brp 1..64 brp-inc 1 + clock 8000000 + re-started bus-errors arbit-lost error-warn error-pass bus-off + 41 17457 0 41 42 41 + RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast + 140859 17608 17457 0 0 0 + TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns + 861 112 0 41 0 0 + + More info to the above output: + + "<TRIPLE-SAMPLING>" + Shows the list of selected CAN controller modes: LOOPBACK, + LISTEN-ONLY, or TRIPLE-SAMPLING. + + "state ERROR-ACTIVE" + The current state of the CAN controller: "ERROR-ACTIVE", + "ERROR-WARNING", "ERROR-PASSIVE", "BUS-OFF" or "STOPPED" + + "restart-ms 100" + Automatic restart delay time. If set to a non-zero value, a + restart of the CAN controller will be triggered automatically + in case of a bus-off condition after the specified delay time + in milliseconds. By default it's off. + + "bitrate 125000 sample_point 0.875" + Shows the real bit-rate in bits/sec and the sample-point in the + range 0.000..0.999. If the calculation of bit-timing parameters + is enabled in the kernel (CONFIG_CAN_CALC_BITTIMING=y), the + bit-timing can be defined by setting the "bitrate" argument. + Optionally the "sample-point" can be specified. By default it's + 0.000 assuming CIA-recommended sample-points. + + "tq 125 prop-seg 6 phase-seg1 7 phase-seg2 2 sjw 1" + Shows the time quanta in ns, propagation segment, phase buffer + segment 1 and 2 and the synchronisation jump width in units of + tq. They allow to define the CAN bit-timing in a hardware + independent format as proposed by the Bosch CAN 2.0 spec (see + chapter 8 of http://www.semiconductors.bosch.de/pdf/can2spec.pdf). + + "sja1000: tseg1 1..16 tseg2 1..8 sjw 1..4 brp 1..64 brp-inc 1 + clock 8000000" + Shows the bit-timing constants of the CAN controller, here the + "sja1000". The minimum and maximum values of the time segment 1 + and 2, the synchronisation jump width in units of tq, the + bitrate pre-scaler and the CAN system clock frequency in Hz. + These constants could be used for user-defined (non-standard) + bit-timing calculation algorithms in user-space. + + "re-started bus-errors arbit-lost error-warn error-pass bus-off" + Shows the number of restarts, bus and arbitration lost errors, + and the state changes to the error-warning, error-passive and + bus-off state. RX overrun errors are listed in the "overrun" + field of the standard network statistics. + + 6.5.2 Setting the CAN bit-timing + + The CAN bit-timing parameters can always be defined in a hardware + independent format as proposed in the Bosch CAN 2.0 specification + specifying the arguments "tq", "prop_seg", "phase_seg1", "phase_seg2" + and "sjw": + + $ ip link set canX type can tq 125 prop-seg 6 \ + phase-seg1 7 phase-seg2 2 sjw 1 + + If the kernel option CONFIG_CAN_CALC_BITTIMING is enabled, CIA + recommended CAN bit-timing parameters will be calculated if the bit- + rate is specified with the argument "bitrate": + + $ ip link set canX type can bitrate 125000 + + Note that this works fine for the most common CAN controllers with + standard bit-rates but may *fail* for exotic bit-rates or CAN system + clock frequencies. Disabling CONFIG_CAN_CALC_BITTIMING saves some + space and allows user-space tools to solely determine and set the + bit-timing parameters. The CAN controller specific bit-timing + constants can be used for that purpose. They are listed by the + following command: + + $ ip -details link show can0 + ... + sja1000: clock 8000000 tseg1 1..16 tseg2 1..8 sjw 1..4 brp 1..64 brp-inc 1 + + 6.5.3 Starting and stopping the CAN network device + + A CAN network device is started or stopped as usual with the command + "ifconfig canX up/down" or "ip link set canX up/down". Be aware that + you *must* define proper bit-timing parameters for real CAN devices + before you can start it to avoid error-prone default settings: + + $ ip link set canX up type can bitrate 125000 + + A device may enter the "bus-off" state if too much errors occurred on + the CAN bus. Then no more messages are received or sent. An automatic + bus-off recovery can be enabled by setting the "restart-ms" to a + non-zero value, e.g.: + + $ ip link set canX type can restart-ms 100 + + Alternatively, the application may realize the "bus-off" condition + by monitoring CAN error frames and do a restart when appropriate with + the command: + + $ ip link set canX type can restart + + Note that a restart will also create a CAN error frame (see also + chapter 3.4). - On the project website http://developer.berlios.de/projects/socketcan - there are different drivers available: + 6.6 Supported CAN hardware - vcan: Virtual CAN interface driver (if no real hardware is available) - sja1000: Philips SJA1000 CAN controller (recommended) - i82527: Intel i82527 CAN controller - mscan: Motorola/Freescale CAN controller (e.g. inside SOC MPC5200) - ccan: CCAN controller core (e.g. inside SOC h7202) - slcan: For a bunch of CAN adaptors that are attached via a - serial line ASCII protocol (for serial / USB adaptors) + Please check the "Kconfig" file in "drivers/net/can" to get an actual + list of the support CAN hardware. On the Socket CAN project website + (see chapter 7) there might be further drivers available, also for + older kernel versions. - Additionally the different CAN adaptors (ISA/PCI/PCMCIA/USB/Parport) - from PEAK Systemtechnik support the CAN netdevice driver model - since Linux driver v6.0: http://www.peak-system.com/linux/index.htm +7. Socket CAN resources +----------------------- - Please check the Mailing Lists on the berlios OSS project website. + You can find further resources for Socket CAN like user space tools, + support for old kernel versions, more drivers, mailing lists, etc. + at the BerliOS OSS project website for Socket CAN: - 6.6 todo + http://developer.berlios.de/projects/socketcan - The configuration interface for CAN network drivers is still an open - issue that has not been finalized in the socketcan project. Also the - idea of having a library module (candev.ko) that holds functions - that are needed by all CAN netdevices is not ready to ship. - Your contribution is welcome. + If you have questions, bug fixes, etc., don't hesitate to post them to + the Socketcan-Users mailing list. But please search the archives first. -7. Credits +8. Credits ---------- - Oliver Hartkopp (PF_CAN core, filters, drivers, bcm) + Oliver Hartkopp (PF_CAN core, filters, drivers, bcm, SJA1000 driver) Urs Thuermann (PF_CAN core, kernel integration, socket interfaces, raw, vcan) Jan Kizka (RT-SocketCAN core, Socket-API reconciliation) - Wolfgang Grandegger (RT-SocketCAN core & drivers, Raw Socket-API reviews) + Wolfgang Grandegger (RT-SocketCAN core & drivers, Raw Socket-API reviews, + CAN device driver interface, MSCAN driver) Robert Schwebel (design reviews, PTXdist integration) Marc Kleine-Budde (design reviews, Kernel 2.6 cleanups, drivers) Benedikt Spranger (reviews) Thomas Gleixner (LKML reviews, coding style, posting hints) - Andrey Volkov (kernel subtree structure, ioctls, mscan driver) + Andrey Volkov (kernel subtree structure, ioctls, MSCAN driver) Matthias Brukner (first SJA1000 CAN netdevice implementation Q2/2003) Klaus Hitschler (PEAK driver integration) Uwe Koppe (CAN netdevices with PF_PACKET approach) Michael Schulze (driver layer loopback requirement, RT CAN drivers review) + Pavel Pisa (Bit-timing calculation) + Sascha Hauer (SJA1000 platform driver) + Sebastian Haas (SJA1000 EMS PCI driver) + Markus Plessing (SJA1000 EMS PCI driver) + Per Dalen (SJA1000 Kvaser PCI driver) + Sam Ravnborg (reviews, coding style, kbuild help) diff --git a/Documentation/networking/ieee802154.txt b/Documentation/networking/ieee802154.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a0280ad2edc --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/networking/ieee802154.txt @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + Linux IEEE 802.15.4 implementation + + +Introduction +============ + +The Linux-ZigBee project goal is to provide complete implementation +of IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee / 6LoWPAN protocols. IEEE 802.15.4 is a stack +of protocols for organizing Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks. + +Currently only IEEE 802.15.4 layer is implemented. We have choosen +to use plain Berkeley socket API, the generic Linux networking stack +to transfer IEEE 802.15.4 messages and a special protocol over genetlink +for configuration/management + + +Socket API +========== + +int sd = socket(PF_IEEE802154, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); +..... + +The address family, socket addresses etc. are defined in the +include/net/ieee802154/af_ieee802154.h header or in the special header +in our userspace package (see either linux-zigbee sourceforge download page +or git tree at git://linux-zigbee.git.sourceforge.net/gitroot/linux-zigbee). + +One can use SOCK_RAW for passing raw data towards device xmit function. YMMV. + + +MLME - MAC Level Management +============================ + +Most of IEEE 802.15.4 MLME interfaces are directly mapped on netlink commands. +See the include/net/ieee802154/nl802154.h header. Our userspace tools package +(see above) provides CLI configuration utility for radio interfaces and simple +coordinator for IEEE 802.15.4 networks as an example users of MLME protocol. + + +Kernel side +============= + +Like with WiFi, there are several types of devices implementing IEEE 802.15.4. +1) 'HardMAC'. The MAC layer is implemented in the device itself, the device + exports MLME and data API. +2) 'SoftMAC' or just radio. These types of devices are just radio transceivers + possibly with some kinds of acceleration like automatic CRC computation and + comparation, automagic ACK handling, address matching, etc. + +Those types of devices require different approach to be hooked into Linux kernel. + + +HardMAC +======= + +See the header include/net/ieee802154/netdevice.h. You have to implement Linux +net_device, with .type = ARPHRD_IEEE802154. Data is exchanged with socket family +code via plain sk_buffs. The control block of sk_buffs will contain additional +info as described in the struct ieee802154_mac_cb. + +To hook the MLME interface you have to populate the ml_priv field of your +net_device with a pointer to struct ieee802154_mlme_ops instance. All fields are +required. + +We provide an example of simple HardMAC driver at drivers/ieee802154/fakehard.c + + +SoftMAC +======= + +We are going to provide intermediate layer impelementing IEEE 802.15.4 MAC +in software. This is currently WIP. + +See header include/net/ieee802154/mac802154.h and several drivers in +drivers/ieee802154/ diff --git a/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt b/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt index b121c5db707..8be76235fe6 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt @@ -168,7 +168,16 @@ tcp_dsack - BOOLEAN Allows TCP to send "duplicate" SACKs. tcp_ecn - BOOLEAN - Enable Explicit Congestion Notification in TCP. + Enable Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) in TCP. ECN is only + used when both ends of the TCP flow support it. It is useful to + avoid losses due to congestion (when the bottleneck router supports + ECN). + Possible values are: + 0 disable ECN + 1 ECN enabled + 2 Only server-side ECN enabled. If the other end does + not support ECN, behavior is like with ECN disabled. + Default: 2 tcp_fack - BOOLEAN Enable FACK congestion avoidance and fast retransmission. @@ -1048,6 +1057,13 @@ disable_ipv6 - BOOLEAN address. Default: FALSE (enable IPv6 operation) + When this value is changed from 1 to 0 (IPv6 is being enabled), + it will dynamically create a link-local address on the given + interface and start Duplicate Address Detection, if necessary. + + When this value is changed from 0 to 1 (IPv6 is being disabled), + it will dynamically delete all address on the given interface. + accept_dad - INTEGER Whether to accept DAD (Duplicate Address Detection). 0: Disable DAD diff --git a/Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt b/Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt index 268e5c103dd..9fd7e21296c 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/ipv6.txt @@ -33,3 +33,40 @@ disable A reboot is required to enable IPv6. +autoconf + + Specifies whether to enable IPv6 address autoconfiguration + on all interfaces. This might be used when one does not wish + for addresses to be automatically generated from prefixes + received in Router Advertisements. + + The possible values and their effects are: + + 0 + IPv6 address autoconfiguration is disabled on all interfaces. + + Only the IPv6 loopback address (::1) and link-local addresses + will be added to interfaces. + + 1 + IPv6 address autoconfiguration is enabled on all interfaces. + + This is the default value. + +disable_ipv6 + + Specifies whether to disable IPv6 on all interfaces. + This might be used when no IPv6 addresses are desired. + + The possible values and their effects are: + + 0 + IPv6 is enabled on all interfaces. + + This is the default value. + + 1 + IPv6 is disabled on all interfaces. + + No IPv6 addresses will be added to interfaces. + diff --git a/Documentation/networking/mac80211-injection.txt b/Documentation/networking/mac80211-injection.txt index 84906ef3ed6..b30e81ad530 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/mac80211-injection.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/mac80211-injection.txt @@ -12,38 +12,22 @@ following format: The radiotap format is discussed in ./Documentation/networking/radiotap-headers.txt. -Despite 13 radiotap argument types are currently defined, most only make sense +Despite many radiotap parameters being currently defined, most only make sense to appear on received packets. The following information is parsed from the radiotap headers and used to control injection: - * IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RATE - - rate in 500kbps units, automatic if invalid or not present - - - * IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_ANTENNA - - antenna to use, automatic if not present - - - * IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_TX_POWER - - transmit power in dBm, automatic if not present - - * IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_FLAGS IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_F_FCS: FCS will be removed and recalculated IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_F_WEP: frame will be encrypted if key available IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_F_FRAG: frame will be fragmented if longer than the - current fragmentation threshold. Note that - this flag is only reliable when software - fragmentation is enabled) + current fragmentation threshold. + The injection code can also skip all other currently defined radiotap fields facilitating replay of captured radiotap headers directly. -Here is an example valid radiotap header defining these three parameters +Here is an example valid radiotap header defining some parameters 0x00, 0x00, // <-- radiotap version 0x0b, 0x00, // <- radiotap header length @@ -72,8 +56,8 @@ interface), along the following lines: ... r = pcap_inject(ppcap, u8aSendBuffer, nLength); -You can also find sources for a complete inject test applet here: +You can also find a link to a complete inject application here: -http://penumbra.warmcat.com/_twk/tiki-index.php?page=packetspammer +http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Documentation/packetspammer Andy Green <andy@warmcat.com> diff --git a/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt b/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt index c9074f9b78b..1a77a3cfae5 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/operstates.txt @@ -38,9 +38,6 @@ ifinfomsg::if_flags & IFF_LOWER_UP: ifinfomsg::if_flags & IFF_DORMANT: Driver has signaled netif_dormant_on() -These interface flags can also be queried without netlink using the -SIOCGIFFLAGS ioctl. - TLV IFLA_OPERSTATE contains RFC2863 state of the interface in numeric representation: diff --git a/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt b/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt index 07c53d59603..a22fd85e379 100644 --- a/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt +++ b/Documentation/networking/packet_mmap.txt @@ -4,16 +4,18 @@ This file documents the CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP option available with the PACKET socket interface on 2.4 and 2.6 kernels. This type of sockets is used for -capture network traffic with utilities like tcpdump or any other that uses -the libpcap library. - -You can find the latest version of this document at +capture network traffic with utilities like tcpdump or any other that needs +raw access to network interface. +You can find the latest version of this document at: http://pusa.uv.es/~ulisses/packet_mmap/ -Please send me your comments to +Howto can be found at: + http://wiki.gnu-log.net (packet_mmap) +Please send your comments to Ulisses Alonso Camaró <uaca@i.hate.spam.alumni.uv.es> + Johann Baudy <johann.baudy@gnu-log.net> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + Why use PACKET_MMAP @@ -25,19 +27,24 @@ to capture each packet, it requires two if you want to get packet's timestamp (like libpcap always does). In the other hand PACKET_MMAP is very efficient. PACKET_MMAP provides a size -configurable circular buffer mapped in user space. This way reading packets just -needs to wait for them, most of the time there is no need to issue a single -system call. By using a shared buffer between the kernel and the user -also has the benefit of minimizing packet copies. - -It's fine to use PACKET_MMAP to improve the performance of the capture process, -but it isn't everything. At least, if you are capturing at high speeds (this -is relative to the cpu speed), you should check if the device driver of your -network interface card supports some sort of interrupt load mitigation or -(even better) if it supports NAPI, also make sure it is enabled. +configurable circular buffer mapped in user space that can be used to either +send or receive packets. This way reading packets just needs to wait for them, +most of the time there is no need to issue a single system call. Concerning +transmission, multiple packets can be sent through one system call to get the +highest bandwidth. +By using a shared buffer between the kernel and the user also has the benefit +of minimizing packet copies. + +It's fine to use PACKET_MMAP to improve the performance of the capture and +transmission process, but it isn't everything. At least, if you are capturing +at high speeds (this is relative to the cpu speed), you should check if the +device driver of your network interface card supports some sort of interrupt +load mitigation or (even better) if it supports NAPI, also make sure it is +enabled. For transmission, check the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) used and +supported by devices of your network. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -+ How to use CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP ++ How to use CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP to improve capture process -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From the user standpoint, you should use the higher level libpcap library, which @@ -57,7 +64,7 @@ the low level details or want to improve libpcap by including PACKET_MMAP support. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -+ How to use CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP directly ++ How to use CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP directly to improve capture process -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- From the system calls stand point, the use of PACKET_MMAP involves @@ -66,6 +73,7 @@ the following process: [setup] socket() -------> creation of the capture socket setsockopt() ---> allocation of the circular buffer (ring) + option: PACKET_RX_RING mmap() ---------> mapping of the allocated buffer to the user process @@ -97,13 +105,75 @@ also the mapping of the circular buffer in the user process and the use of this buffer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ++ How to use CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP directly to improve transmission process +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +Transmission process is similar to capture as shown below. + +[setup] socket() -------> creation of the transmission socket + setsockopt() ---> allocation of the circular buffer (ring) + option: PACKET_TX_RING + bind() ---------> bind transmission socket with a network interface + mmap() ---------> mapping of the allocated buffer to the + user process + +[transmission] poll() ---------> wait for free packets (optional) + send() ---------> send all packets that are set as ready in + the ring + The flag MSG_DONTWAIT can be used to return + before end of transfer. + +[shutdown] close() --------> destruction of the transmission socket and + deallocation of all associated resources. + +Binding the socket to your network interface is mandatory (with zero copy) to +know the header size of frames used in the circular buffer. + +As capture, each frame contains two parts: + + -------------------- +| struct tpacket_hdr | Header. It contains the status of +| | of this frame +|--------------------| +| data buffer | +. . Data that will be sent over the network interface. +. . + -------------------- + + bind() associates the socket to your network interface thanks to + sll_ifindex parameter of struct sockaddr_ll. + + Initialization example: + + struct sockaddr_ll my_addr; + struct ifreq s_ifr; + ... + + strncpy (s_ifr.ifr_name, "eth0", sizeof(s_ifr.ifr_name)); + + /* get interface index of eth0 */ + ioctl(this->socket, SIOCGIFINDEX, &s_ifr); + + /* fill sockaddr_ll struct to prepare binding */ + my_addr.sll_family = AF_PACKET; + my_addr.sll_protocol = ETH_P_ALL; + my_addr.sll_ifindex = s_ifr.ifr_ifindex; + + /* bind socket to eth0 */ + bind(this->socket, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); + + A complete tutorial is available at: http://wiki.gnu-log.net/ + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + PACKET_MMAP settings -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To setup PACKET_MMAP from user level code is done with a call like + - Capture process setsockopt(fd, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_RX_RING, (void *) &req, sizeof(req)) + - Transmission process + setsockopt(fd, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_TX_RING, (void *) &req, sizeof(req)) The most significant argument in the previous call is the req parameter, this parameter must to have the following structure: @@ -117,11 +187,11 @@ this parameter must to have the following structure: }; This structure is defined in /usr/include/linux/if_packet.h and establishes a -circular buffer (ring) of unswappable memory mapped in the capture process. +circular buffer (ring) of unswappable memory. Being mapped in the capture process allows reading the captured frames and related meta-information like timestamps without requiring a system call. -Captured frames are grouped in blocks. Each block is a physically contiguous +Frames are grouped in blocks. Each block is a physically contiguous region of memory and holds tp_block_size/tp_frame_size frames. The total number of blocks is tp_block_nr. Note that tp_frame_nr is a redundant parameter because @@ -336,6 +406,7 @@ struct tpacket_hdr). If this field is 0 means that the frame is ready to be used for the kernel, If not, there is a frame the user can read and the following flags apply: ++++ Capture process: from include/linux/if_packet.h #define TP_STATUS_COPY 2 @@ -391,6 +462,37 @@ packets are in the ring: It doesn't incur in a race condition to first check the status value and then poll for frames. + +++ Transmission process +Those defines are also used for transmission: + + #define TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE 0 // Frame is available + #define TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST 1 // Frame will be sent on next send() + #define TP_STATUS_SENDING 2 // Frame is currently in transmission + #define TP_STATUS_WRONG_FORMAT 4 // Frame format is not correct + +First, the kernel initializes all frames to TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE. To send a +packet, the user fills a data buffer of an available frame, sets tp_len to +current data buffer size and sets its status field to TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST. +This can be done on multiple frames. Once the user is ready to transmit, it +calls send(). Then all buffers with status equal to TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST are +forwarded to the network device. The kernel updates each status of sent +frames with TP_STATUS_SENDING until the end of transfer. +At the end of each transfer, buffer status returns to TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE. + + header->tp_len = in_i_size; + header->tp_status = TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST; + retval = send(this->socket, NULL, 0, 0); + +The user can also use poll() to check if a buffer is available: +(status == TP_STATUS_SENDING) + + struct pollfd pfd; + pfd.fd = fd; + pfd.revents = 0; + pfd.events = POLLOUT; + retval = poll(&pfd, 1, timeout); + -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + THANKS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/can/sja1000.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/can/sja1000.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6d209ded93 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/can/sja1000.txt @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +Memory mapped SJA1000 CAN controller from NXP (formerly Philips) + +Required properties: + +- compatible : should be "nxp,sja1000". + +- reg : should specify the chip select, address offset and size required + to map the registers of the SJA1000. The size is usually 0x80. + +- interrupts: property with a value describing the interrupt source + (number and sensitivity) required for the SJA1000. + +Optional properties: + +- nxp,external-clock-frequency : Frequency of the external oscillator + clock in Hz. Note that the internal clock frequency used by the + SJA1000 is half of that value. If not specified, a default value + of 16000000 (16 MHz) is used. + +- nxp,tx-output-mode : operation mode of the TX output control logic: + <0x0> : bi-phase output mode + <0x1> : normal output mode (default) + <0x2> : test output mode + <0x3> : clock output mode + +- nxp,tx-output-config : TX output pin configuration: + <0x01> : TX0 invert + <0x02> : TX0 pull-down (default) + <0x04> : TX0 pull-up + <0x06> : TX0 push-pull + <0x08> : TX1 invert + <0x10> : TX1 pull-down + <0x20> : TX1 pull-up + <0x30> : TX1 push-pull + +- nxp,clock-out-frequency : clock frequency in Hz on the CLKOUT pin. + If not specified or if the specified value is 0, the CLKOUT pin + will be disabled. + +- nxp,no-comparator-bypass : Allows to disable the CAN input comperator. + +For futher information, please have a look to the SJA1000 data sheet. + +Examples: + +can@3,100 { + compatible = "nxp,sja1000"; + reg = <3 0x100 0x80>; + interrupts = <2 0>; + interrupt-parent = <&mpic>; + nxp,external-clock-frequency = <16000000>; +}; + diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/ecm.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/ecm.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f514f29c67d --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/ecm.txt @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +===================================================================== +E500 LAW & Coherency Module Device Tree Binding +Copyright (C) 2009 Freescale Semiconductor Inc. +===================================================================== + +Local Access Window (LAW) Node + +The LAW node represents the region of CCSR space where local access +windows are configured. For ECM based devices this is the first 4k +of CCSR space that includes CCSRBAR, ALTCBAR, ALTCAR, BPTR, and some +number of local access windows as specified by fsl,num-laws. + +PROPERTIES + + - compatible + Usage: required + Value type: <string> + Definition: Must include "fsl,ecm-law" + + - reg + Usage: required + Value type: <prop-encoded-array> + Definition: A standard property. The value specifies the + physical address offset and length of the CCSR space + registers. + + - fsl,num-laws + Usage: required + Value type: <u32> + Definition: The value specifies the number of local access + windows for this device. + +===================================================================== + +E500 Coherency Module Node + +The E500 LAW node represents the region of CCSR space where ECM config +and error reporting registers exist, this is the second 4k (0x1000) +of CCSR space. + +PROPERTIES + + - compatible + Usage: required + Value type: <string> + Definition: Must include "fsl,CHIP-ecm", "fsl,ecm" where + CHIP is the processor (mpc8572, mpc8544, etc.) + + - reg + Usage: required + Value type: <prop-encoded-array> + Definition: A standard property. The value specifies the + physical address offset and length of the CCSR space + registers. + + - interrupts + Usage: required + Value type: <prop-encoded-array> + + - interrupt-parent + Usage: required + Value type: <phandle> + +===================================================================== diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/cpm_qe/qe.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/cpm_qe/qe.txt index 78790d58dc2..6e37be1eeb2 100644 --- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/cpm_qe/qe.txt +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/cpm_qe/qe.txt @@ -17,6 +17,9 @@ Required properties: - model : precise model of the QE, Can be "QE", "CPM", or "CPM2" - reg : offset and length of the device registers. - bus-frequency : the clock frequency for QUICC Engine. +- fsl,qe-num-riscs: define how many RISC engines the QE has. +- fsl,qe-num-snums: define how many serial number(SNUM) the QE can use for the + threads. Recommended properties - brg-frequency : the internal clock source frequency for baud-rate diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt index 60084655776..5093ddf900d 100644 --- a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/esdhc.txt @@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ for MMC, SD, and SDIO types of memory cards. Required properties: - compatible : should be - "fsl,<chip>-esdhc", "fsl,mpc8379-esdhc" for MPC83xx processors. - "fsl,<chip>-esdhc", "fsl,mpc8536-esdhc" for MPC85xx processors. + "fsl,<chip>-esdhc", "fsl,esdhc" - reg : should contain eSDHC registers location and length. - interrupts : should contain eSDHC interrupt. - interrupt-parent : interrupt source phandle. @@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ Required properties: Example: sdhci@2e000 { - compatible = "fsl,mpc8378-esdhc", "fsl,mpc8379-esdhc"; + compatible = "fsl,mpc8378-esdhc", "fsl,esdhc"; reg = <0x2e000 0x1000>; interrupts = <42 0x8>; interrupt-parent = <&ipic>; diff --git a/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/mcm.txt b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/mcm.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ceda9b3b41 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/powerpc/dts-bindings/fsl/mcm.txt @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +===================================================================== +MPX LAW & Coherency Module Device Tree Binding +Copyright (C) 2009 Freescale Semiconductor Inc. +===================================================================== + +Local Access Window (LAW) Node + +The LAW node represents the region of CCSR space where local access +windows are configured. For MCM based devices this is the first 4k +of CCSR space that includes CCSRBAR, ALTCBAR, ALTCAR, BPTR, and some +number of local access windows as specified by fsl,num-laws. + +PROPERTIES + + - compatible + Usage: required + Value type: <string> + Definition: Must include "fsl,mcm-law" + + - reg + Usage: required + Value type: <prop-encoded-array> + Definition: A standard property. The value specifies the + physical address offset and length of the CCSR space + registers. + + - fsl,num-laws + Usage: required + Value type: <u32> + Definition: The value specifies the number of local access + windows for this device. + +===================================================================== + +MPX Coherency Module Node + +The MPX LAW node represents the region of CCSR space where MCM config +and error reporting registers exist, this is the second 4k (0x1000) +of CCSR space. + +PROPERTIES + + - compatible + Usage: required + Value type: <string> + Definition: Must include "fsl,CHIP-mcm", "fsl,mcm" where + CHIP is the processor (mpc8641, mpc8610, etc.) + + - reg + Usage: required + Value type: <prop-encoded-array> + Definition: A standard property. The value specifies the + physical address offset and length of the CCSR space + registers. + + - interrupts + Usage: required + Value type: <prop-encoded-array> + + - interrupt-parent + Usage: required + Value type: <phandle> + +===================================================================== diff --git a/Documentation/rfkill.txt b/Documentation/rfkill.txt index 4d3ee317a4a..1b74b5f30af 100644 --- a/Documentation/rfkill.txt +++ b/Documentation/rfkill.txt @@ -1,575 +1,136 @@ -rfkill - RF switch subsystem support -==================================== +rfkill - RF kill switch support +=============================== -1 Introduction -2 Implementation details -3 Kernel driver guidelines -3.1 wireless device drivers -3.2 platform/switch drivers -3.3 input device drivers -4 Kernel API -5 Userspace support +1. Introduction +2. Implementation details +3. Kernel driver guidelines +4. Kernel API +5. Userspace support -1. Introduction: +1. Introduction -The rfkill switch subsystem exists to add a generic interface to circuitry that -can enable or disable the signal output of a wireless *transmitter* of any -type. By far, the most common use is to disable radio-frequency transmitters. +The rfkill subsystem provides a generic interface to disabling any radio +transmitter in the system. When a transmitter is blocked, it shall not +radiate any power. -Note that disabling the signal output means that the the transmitter is to be -made to not emit any energy when "blocked". rfkill is not about blocking data -transmissions, it is about blocking energy emission. +The subsystem also provides the ability to react on button presses and +disable all transmitters of a certain type (or all). This is intended for +situations where transmitters need to be turned off, for example on +aircraft. -The rfkill subsystem offers support for keys and switches often found on -laptops to enable wireless devices like WiFi and Bluetooth, so that these keys -and switches actually perform an action in all wireless devices of a given type -attached to the system. -The buttons to enable and disable the wireless transmitters are important in -situations where the user is for example using his laptop on a location where -radio-frequency transmitters _must_ be disabled (e.g. airplanes). -Because of this requirement, userspace support for the keys should not be made -mandatory. Because userspace might want to perform some additional smarter -tasks when the key is pressed, rfkill provides userspace the possibility to -take over the task to handle the key events. - -=============================================================================== -2: Implementation details +2. Implementation details The rfkill subsystem is composed of various components: the rfkill class, the rfkill-input module (an input layer handler), and some specific input layer events. -The rfkill class provides kernel drivers with an interface that allows them to -know when they should enable or disable a wireless network device transmitter. -This is enabled by the CONFIG_RFKILL Kconfig option. - -The rfkill class support makes sure userspace will be notified of all state -changes on rfkill devices through uevents. It provides a notification chain -for interested parties in the kernel to also get notified of rfkill state -changes in other drivers. It creates several sysfs entries which can be used -by userspace. See section "Userspace support". - -The rfkill-input module provides the kernel with the ability to implement a -basic response when the user presses a key or button (or toggles a switch) -related to rfkill functionality. It is an in-kernel implementation of default -policy of reacting to rfkill-related input events and neither mandatory nor -required for wireless drivers to operate. It is enabled by the -CONFIG_RFKILL_INPUT Kconfig option. - -rfkill-input is a rfkill-related events input layer handler. This handler will -listen to all rfkill key events and will change the rfkill state of the -wireless devices accordingly. With this option enabled userspace could either -do nothing or simply perform monitoring tasks. - -The rfkill-input module also provides EPO (emergency power-off) functionality -for all wireless transmitters. This function cannot be overridden, and it is -always active. rfkill EPO is related to *_RFKILL_ALL input layer events. - - -Important terms for the rfkill subsystem: - -In order to avoid confusion, we avoid the term "switch" in rfkill when it is -referring to an electronic control circuit that enables or disables a -transmitter. We reserve it for the physical device a human manipulates -(which is an input device, by the way): - -rfkill switch: - - A physical device a human manipulates. Its state can be perceived by - the kernel either directly (through a GPIO pin, ACPI GPE) or by its - effect on a rfkill line of a wireless device. - -rfkill controller: - - A hardware circuit that controls the state of a rfkill line, which a - kernel driver can interact with *to modify* that state (i.e. it has - either write-only or read/write access). - -rfkill line: - - An input channel (hardware or software) of a wireless device, which - causes a wireless transmitter to stop emitting energy (BLOCK) when it - is active. Point of view is extremely important here: rfkill lines are - always seen from the PoV of a wireless device (and its driver). - -soft rfkill line/software rfkill line: - - A rfkill line the wireless device driver can directly change the state - of. Related to rfkill_state RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED. - -hard rfkill line/hardware rfkill line: - - A rfkill line that works fully in hardware or firmware, and that cannot - be overridden by the kernel driver. The hardware device or the - firmware just exports its status to the driver, but it is read-only. - Related to rfkill_state RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED. - -The enum rfkill_state describes the rfkill state of a transmitter: - -When a rfkill line or rfkill controller is in the RFKILL_STATE_UNBLOCKED state, -the wireless transmitter (radio TX circuit for example) is *enabled*. When the -it is in the RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED or RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED, the -wireless transmitter is to be *blocked* from operating. - -RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED indicates that a call to toggle_radio() can change -that state. RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED indicates that a call to toggle_radio() -will not be able to change the state and will return with a suitable error if -attempts are made to set the state to RFKILL_STATE_UNBLOCKED. - -RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED is used by drivers to signal that the device is -locked in the BLOCKED state by a hardwire rfkill line (typically an input pin -that, when active, forces the transmitter to be disabled) which the driver -CANNOT override. - -Full rfkill functionality requires two different subsystems to cooperate: the -input layer and the rfkill class. The input layer issues *commands* to the -entire system requesting that devices registered to the rfkill class change -state. The way this interaction happens is not complex, but it is not obvious -either: - -Kernel Input layer: - - * Generates KEY_WWAN, KEY_WLAN, KEY_BLUETOOTH, SW_RFKILL_ALL, and - other such events when the user presses certain keys, buttons, or - toggles certain physical switches. - - THE INPUT LAYER IS NEVER USED TO PROPAGATE STATUS, NOTIFICATIONS OR THE - KIND OF STUFF AN ON-SCREEN-DISPLAY APPLICATION WOULD REPORT. It is - used to issue *commands* for the system to change behaviour, and these - commands may or may not be carried out by some kernel driver or - userspace application. It follows that doing user feedback based only - on input events is broken, as there is no guarantee that an input event - will be acted upon. - - Most wireless communication device drivers implementing rfkill - functionality MUST NOT generate these events, and have no reason to - register themselves with the input layer. Doing otherwise is a common - misconception. There is an API to propagate rfkill status change - information, and it is NOT the input layer. - -rfkill class: - - * Calls a hook in a driver to effectively change the wireless - transmitter state; - * Keeps track of the wireless transmitter state (with help from - the driver); - * Generates userspace notifications (uevents) and a call to a - notification chain (kernel) when there is a wireless transmitter - state change; - * Connects a wireless communications driver with the common rfkill - control system, which, for example, allows actions such as - "switch all bluetooth devices offline" to be carried out by - userspace or by rfkill-input. - - THE RFKILL CLASS NEVER ISSUES INPUT EVENTS. THE RFKILL CLASS DOES - NOT LISTEN TO INPUT EVENTS. NO DRIVER USING THE RFKILL CLASS SHALL - EVER LISTEN TO, OR ACT ON RFKILL INPUT EVENTS. Doing otherwise is - a layering violation. - - Most wireless data communication drivers in the kernel have just to - implement the rfkill class API to work properly. Interfacing to the - input layer is not often required (and is very often a *bug*) on - wireless drivers. - - Platform drivers often have to attach to the input layer to *issue* - (but never to listen to) rfkill events for rfkill switches, and also to - the rfkill class to export a control interface for the platform rfkill - controllers to the rfkill subsystem. This does NOT mean the rfkill - switch is attached to a rfkill class (doing so is almost always wrong). - It just means the same kernel module is the driver for different - devices (rfkill switches and rfkill controllers). - - -Userspace input handlers (uevents) or kernel input handlers (rfkill-input): - - * Implements the policy of what should happen when one of the input - layer events related to rfkill operation is received. - * Uses the sysfs interface (userspace) or private rfkill API calls - to tell the devices registered with the rfkill class to change - their state (i.e. translates the input layer event into real - action). - - * rfkill-input implements EPO by handling EV_SW SW_RFKILL_ALL 0 - (power off all transmitters) in a special way: it ignores any - overrides and local state cache and forces all transmitters to the - RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED state (including those which are already - supposed to be BLOCKED). - * rfkill EPO will remain active until rfkill-input receives an - EV_SW SW_RFKILL_ALL 1 event. While the EPO is active, transmitters - are locked in the blocked state (rfkill will refuse to unblock them). - * rfkill-input implements different policies that the user can - select for handling EV_SW SW_RFKILL_ALL 1. It will unlock rfkill, - and either do nothing (leave transmitters blocked, but now unlocked), - restore the transmitters to their state before the EPO, or unblock - them all. - -Userspace uevent handler or kernel platform-specific drivers hooked to the -rfkill notifier chain: - - * Taps into the rfkill notifier chain or to KOBJ_CHANGE uevents, - in order to know when a device that is registered with the rfkill - class changes state; - * Issues feedback notifications to the user; - * In the rare platforms where this is required, synthesizes an input - event to command all *OTHER* rfkill devices to also change their - statues when a specific rfkill device changes state. - - -=============================================================================== -3: Kernel driver guidelines - -Remember: point-of-view is everything for a driver that connects to the rfkill -subsystem. All the details below must be measured/perceived from the point of -view of the specific driver being modified. - -The first thing one needs to know is whether his driver should be talking to -the rfkill class or to the input layer. In rare cases (platform drivers), it -could happen that you need to do both, as platform drivers often handle a -variety of devices in the same driver. - -Do not mistake input devices for rfkill controllers. The only type of "rfkill -switch" device that is to be registered with the rfkill class are those -directly controlling the circuits that cause a wireless transmitter to stop -working (or the software equivalent of them), i.e. what we call a rfkill -controller. Every other kind of "rfkill switch" is just an input device and -MUST NOT be registered with the rfkill class. - -A driver should register a device with the rfkill class when ALL of the -following conditions are met (they define a rfkill controller): - -1. The device is/controls a data communications wireless transmitter; - -2. The kernel can interact with the hardware/firmware to CHANGE the wireless - transmitter state (block/unblock TX operation); - -3. The transmitter can be made to not emit any energy when "blocked": - rfkill is not about blocking data transmissions, it is about blocking - energy emission; - -A driver should register a device with the input subsystem to issue -rfkill-related events (KEY_WLAN, KEY_BLUETOOTH, KEY_WWAN, KEY_WIMAX, -SW_RFKILL_ALL, etc) when ALL of the folowing conditions are met: - -1. It is directly related to some physical device the user interacts with, to - command the O.S./firmware/hardware to enable/disable a data communications - wireless transmitter. - - Examples of the physical device are: buttons, keys and switches the user - will press/touch/slide/switch to enable or disable the wireless - communication device. - -2. It is NOT slaved to another device, i.e. there is no other device that - issues rfkill-related input events in preference to this one. - - Please refer to the corner cases and examples section for more details. - -When in doubt, do not issue input events. For drivers that should generate -input events in some platforms, but not in others (e.g. b43), the best solution -is to NEVER generate input events in the first place. That work should be -deferred to a platform-specific kernel module (which will know when to generate -events through the rfkill notifier chain) or to userspace. This avoids the -usual maintenance problems with DMI whitelisting. - - -Corner cases and examples: -==================================== - -1. If the device is an input device that, because of hardware or firmware, -causes wireless transmitters to be blocked regardless of the kernel's will, it -is still just an input device, and NOT to be registered with the rfkill class. - -2. If the wireless transmitter switch control is read-only, it is an input -device and not to be registered with the rfkill class (and maybe not to be made -an input layer event source either, see below). - -3. If there is some other device driver *closer* to the actual hardware the -user interacted with (the button/switch/key) to issue an input event, THAT is -the device driver that should be issuing input events. - -E.g: - [RFKILL slider switch] -- [GPIO hardware] -- [WLAN card rf-kill input] - (platform driver) (wireless card driver) - -The user is closer to the RFKILL slide switch plaform driver, so the driver -which must issue input events is the platform driver looking at the GPIO -hardware, and NEVER the wireless card driver (which is just a slave). It is -very likely that there are other leaves than just the WLAN card rf-kill input -(e.g. a bluetooth card, etc)... - -On the other hand, some embedded devices do this: - - [RFKILL slider switch] -- [WLAN card rf-kill input] - (wireless card driver) - -In this situation, the wireless card driver *could* register itself as an input -device and issue rf-kill related input events... but in order to AVOID the need -for DMI whitelisting, the wireless card driver does NOT do it. Userspace (HAL) -or a platform driver (that exists only on these embedded devices) will do the -dirty job of issuing the input events. - - -COMMON MISTAKES in kernel drivers, related to rfkill: -==================================== - -1. NEVER confuse input device keys and buttons with input device switches. - - 1a. Switches are always set or reset. They report the current state - (on position or off position). - - 1b. Keys and buttons are either in the pressed or not-pressed state, and - that's it. A "button" that latches down when you press it, and - unlatches when you press it again is in fact a switch as far as input - devices go. - -Add the SW_* events you need for switches, do NOT try to emulate a button using -KEY_* events just because there is no such SW_* event yet. Do NOT try to use, -for example, KEY_BLUETOOTH when you should be using SW_BLUETOOTH instead. - -2. Input device switches (sources of EV_SW events) DO store their current state -(so you *must* initialize it by issuing a gratuitous input layer event on -driver start-up and also when resuming from sleep), and that state CAN be -queried from userspace through IOCTLs. There is no sysfs interface for this, -but that doesn't mean you should break things trying to hook it to the rfkill -class to get a sysfs interface :-) - -3. Do not issue *_RFKILL_ALL events by default, unless you are sure it is the -correct event for your switch/button. These events are emergency power-off -events when they are trying to turn the transmitters off. An example of an -input device which SHOULD generate *_RFKILL_ALL events is the wireless-kill -switch in a laptop which is NOT a hotkey, but a real sliding/rocker switch. -An example of an input device which SHOULD NOT generate *_RFKILL_ALL events by -default, is any sort of hot key that is type-specific (e.g. the one for WLAN). - - -3.1 Guidelines for wireless device drivers ------------------------------------------- - -(in this text, rfkill->foo means the foo field of struct rfkill). - -1. Each independent transmitter in a wireless device (usually there is only one -transmitter per device) should have a SINGLE rfkill class attached to it. - -2. If the device does not have any sort of hardware assistance to allow the -driver to rfkill the device, the driver should emulate it by taking all actions -required to silence the transmitter. - -3. If it is impossible to silence the transmitter (i.e. it still emits energy, -even if it is just in brief pulses, when there is no data to transmit and there -is no hardware support to turn it off) do NOT lie to the users. Do not attach -it to a rfkill class. The rfkill subsystem does not deal with data -transmission, it deals with energy emission. If the transmitter is emitting -energy, it is not blocked in rfkill terms. - -4. It doesn't matter if the device has multiple rfkill input lines affecting -the same transmitter, their combined state is to be exported as a single state -per transmitter (see rule 1). - -This rule exists because users of the rfkill subsystem expect to get (and set, -when possible) the overall transmitter rfkill state, not of a particular rfkill -line. - -5. The wireless device driver MUST NOT leave the transmitter enabled during -suspend and hibernation unless: +The rfkill class is provided for kernel drivers to register their radio +transmitter with the kernel, provide methods for turning it on and off and, +optionally, letting the system know about hardware-disabled states that may +be implemented on the device. This code is enabled with the CONFIG_RFKILL +Kconfig option, which drivers can "select". - 5.1. The transmitter has to be enabled for some sort of functionality - like wake-on-wireless-packet or autonomous packed forwarding in a mesh - network, and that functionality is enabled for this suspend/hibernation - cycle. +The rfkill class code also notifies userspace of state changes, this is +achieved via uevents. It also provides some sysfs files for userspace to +check the status of radio transmitters. See the "Userspace support" section +below. -AND - 5.2. The device was not on a user-requested BLOCKED state before - the suspend (i.e. the driver must NOT unblock a device, not even - to support wake-on-wireless-packet or remain in the mesh). +The rfkill-input code implements a basic response to rfkill buttons -- it +implements turning on/off all devices of a certain class (or all). -In other words, there is absolutely no allowed scenario where a driver can -automatically take action to unblock a rfkill controller (obviously, this deals -with scenarios where soft-blocking or both soft and hard blocking is happening. -Scenarios where hardware rfkill lines are the only ones blocking the -transmitter are outside of this rule, since the wireless device driver does not -control its input hardware rfkill lines in the first place). +When the device is hard-blocked (either by a call to rfkill_set_hw_state() +or from query_hw_block) set_block() will be invoked but drivers can well +ignore the method call since they can use the return value of the function +rfkill_set_hw_state() to sync the software state instead of keeping track +of calls to set_block(). -6. During resume, rfkill will try to restore its previous state. -7. After a rfkill class is suspended, it will *not* call rfkill->toggle_radio -until it is resumed. +The entire functionality is spread over more than one subsystem: + * The kernel input layer generates KEY_WWAN, KEY_WLAN etc. and + SW_RFKILL_ALL -- when the user presses a button. Drivers for radio + transmitters generally do not register to the input layer, unless the + device really provides an input device (i.e. a button that has no + effect other than generating a button press event) -Example of a WLAN wireless driver connected to the rfkill subsystem: --------------------------------------------------------------------- + * The rfkill-input code hooks up to these events and switches the soft-block + of the various radio transmitters, depending on the button type. -A certain WLAN card has one input pin that causes it to block the transmitter -and makes the status of that input pin available (only for reading!) to the -kernel driver. This is a hard rfkill input line (it cannot be overridden by -the kernel driver). + * The rfkill drivers turn off/on their transmitters as requested. -The card also has one PCI register that, if manipulated by the driver, causes -it to block the transmitter. This is a soft rfkill input line. + * The rfkill class will generate userspace notifications (uevents) to tell + userspace what the current state is. -It has also a thermal protection circuitry that shuts down its transmitter if -the card overheats, and makes the status of that protection available (only for -reading!) to the kernel driver. This is also a hard rfkill input line. -If either one of these rfkill lines are active, the transmitter is blocked by -the hardware and forced offline. -The driver should allocate and attach to its struct device *ONE* instance of -the rfkill class (there is only one transmitter). +3. Kernel driver guidelines -It can implement the get_state() hook, and return RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED if -either one of its two hard rfkill input lines are active. If the two hard -rfkill lines are inactive, it must return RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED if its soft -rfkill input line is active. Only if none of the rfkill input lines are -active, will it return RFKILL_STATE_UNBLOCKED. -Since the device has a hardware rfkill line, it IS subject to state changes -external to rfkill. Therefore, the driver must make sure that it calls -rfkill_force_state() to keep the status always up-to-date, and it must do a -rfkill_force_state() on resume from sleep. +Drivers for radio transmitters normally implement only the rfkill class. +These drivers may not unblock the transmitter based on own decisions, they +should act on information provided by the rfkill class only. -Every time the driver gets a notification from the card that one of its rfkill -lines changed state (polling might be needed on badly designed cards that don't -generate interrupts for such events), it recomputes the rfkill state as per -above, and calls rfkill_force_state() to update it. +Platform drivers might implement input devices if the rfkill button is just +that, a button. If that button influences the hardware then you need to +implement an rfkill class instead. This also applies if the platform provides +a way to turn on/off the transmitter(s). -The driver should implement the toggle_radio() hook, that: +During suspend/hibernation, transmitters should only be left enabled when +wake-on wlan or similar functionality requires it and the device wasn't +blocked before suspend/hibernate. Note that it may be necessary to update +the rfkill subsystem's idea of what the current state is at resume time if +the state may have changed over suspend. -1. Returns an error if one of the hardware rfkill lines are active, and the -caller asked for RFKILL_STATE_UNBLOCKED. -2. Activates the soft rfkill line if the caller asked for state -RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED. It should do this even if one of the hard rfkill -lines are active, effectively double-blocking the transmitter. -3. Deactivates the soft rfkill line if none of the hardware rfkill lines are -active and the caller asked for RFKILL_STATE_UNBLOCKED. - -=============================================================================== -4: Kernel API +4. Kernel API To build a driver with rfkill subsystem support, the driver should depend on -(or select) the Kconfig symbol RFKILL; it should _not_ depend on RKFILL_INPUT. +(or select) the Kconfig symbol RFKILL. The hardware the driver talks to may be write-only (where the current state of the hardware is unknown), or read-write (where the hardware can be queried about its current state). -The rfkill class will call the get_state hook of a device every time it needs -to know the *real* current state of the hardware. This can happen often, but -it does not do any polling, so it is not enough on hardware that is subject -to state changes outside of the rfkill subsystem. - -Therefore, calling rfkill_force_state() when a state change happens is -mandatory when the device has a hardware rfkill line, or when something else -like the firmware could cause its state to be changed without going through the -rfkill class. - -Some hardware provides events when its status changes. In these cases, it is -best for the driver to not provide a get_state hook, and instead register the -rfkill class *already* with the correct status, and keep it updated using -rfkill_force_state() when it gets an event from the hardware. - -rfkill_force_state() must be used on the device resume handlers to update the -rfkill status, should there be any chance of the device status changing during -the sleep. - -There is no provision for a statically-allocated rfkill struct. You must -use rfkill_allocate() to allocate one. - -You should: - - rfkill_allocate() - - modify rfkill fields (flags, name) - - modify state to the current hardware state (THIS IS THE ONLY TIME - YOU CAN ACCESS state DIRECTLY) - - rfkill_register() - -The only way to set a device to the RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED state is through -a suitable return of get_state() or through rfkill_force_state(). +Calling rfkill_set_hw_state() when a state change happens is required from +rfkill drivers that control devices that can be hard-blocked unless they also +assign the poll_hw_block() callback (then the rfkill core will poll the +device). Don't do this unless you cannot get the event in any other way. -When a device is in the RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED state, the only way to switch -it to a different state is through a suitable return of get_state() or through -rfkill_force_state(). -If toggle_radio() is called to set a device to state RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED -when that device is already at the RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED state, it should -not return an error. Instead, it should try to double-block the transmitter, -so that its state will change from RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED to -RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED should the hardware blocking cease. - -Please refer to the source for more documentation. - -=============================================================================== -5: Userspace support - -rfkill devices issue uevents (with an action of "change"), with the following -environment variables set: - -RFKILL_NAME -RFKILL_STATE -RFKILL_TYPE -The ABI for these variables is defined by the sysfs attributes. It is best -to take a quick look at the source to make sure of the possible values. +5. Userspace support -It is expected that HAL will trap those, and bridge them to DBUS, etc. These -events CAN and SHOULD be used to give feedback to the user about the rfkill -status of the system. - -Input devices may issue events that are related to rfkill. These are the -various KEY_* events and SW_* events supported by rfkill-input.c. - -******IMPORTANT****** -When rfkill-input is ACTIVE, userspace is NOT TO CHANGE THE STATE OF AN RFKILL -SWITCH IN RESPONSE TO AN INPUT EVENT also handled by rfkill-input, unless it -has set to true the user_claim attribute for that particular switch. This rule -is *absolute*; do NOT violate it. -******IMPORTANT****** - -Userspace must not assume it is the only source of control for rfkill switches. -Their state CAN and WILL change due to firmware actions, direct user actions, -and the rfkill-input EPO override for *_RFKILL_ALL. - -When rfkill-input is not active, userspace must initiate a rfkill status -change by writing to the "state" attribute in order for anything to happen. - -Take particular care to implement EV_SW SW_RFKILL_ALL properly. When that -switch is set to OFF, *every* rfkill device *MUST* be immediately put into the -RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED state, no questions asked. - -The following sysfs entries will be created: +The following sysfs entries exist for every rfkill device: name: Name assigned by driver to this key (interface or driver name). type: Name of the key type ("wlan", "bluetooth", etc). state: Current state of the transmitter 0: RFKILL_STATE_SOFT_BLOCKED - transmitter is forced off, but one can override it - by a write to the state attribute; + transmitter is turned off by software 1: RFKILL_STATE_UNBLOCKED - transmiter is NOT forced off, and may operate if - all other conditions for such operation are met - (such as interface is up and configured, etc); + transmitter is (potentially) active 2: RFKILL_STATE_HARD_BLOCKED transmitter is forced off by something outside of - the driver's control. One cannot set a device to - this state through writes to the state attribute; - claim: 1: Userspace handles events, 0: Kernel handles events - -Both the "state" and "claim" entries are also writable. For the "state" entry -this means that when 1 or 0 is written, the device rfkill state (if not yet in -the requested state), will be will be toggled accordingly. - -For the "claim" entry writing 1 to it means that the kernel no longer handles -key events even though RFKILL_INPUT input was enabled. When "claim" has been -set to 0, userspace should make sure that it listens for the input events or -check the sysfs "state" entry regularly to correctly perform the required tasks -when the rkfill key is pressed. - -A note about input devices and EV_SW events: - -In order to know the current state of an input device switch (like -SW_RFKILL_ALL), you will need to use an IOCTL. That information is not -available through sysfs in a generic way at this time, and it is not available -through the rfkill class AT ALL. + the driver's control. + claim: 0: Kernel handles events (currently always reads that value) + +rfkill devices also issue uevents (with an action of "change"), with the +following environment variables set: + +RFKILL_NAME +RFKILL_STATE +RFKILL_TYPE + +The contents of these variables corresponds to the "name", "state" and +"type" sysfs files explained above. + +An alternative userspace interface exists as a misc device /dev/rfkill, +which allows userspace to obtain and set the state of rfkill devices and +sets of devices. It also notifies userspace about device addition and +removal. The API is a simple read/write API that is defined in +linux/rfkill.h. diff --git a/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt b/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt index 7bd27f0e288..a39b3c749de 100644 --- a/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt +++ b/Documentation/trace/ftrace.txt @@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ Copyright 2008 Red Hat Inc. (dual licensed under the GPL v2) Reviewers: Elias Oltmanns, Randy Dunlap, Andrew Morton, John Kacur, and David Teigland. - Written for: 2.6.28-rc2 Introduction @@ -33,13 +32,26 @@ The File System Ftrace uses the debugfs file system to hold the control files as well as the files to display output. -To mount the debugfs system: +When debugfs is configured into the kernel (which selecting any ftrace +option will do) the directory /sys/kernel/debug will be created. To mount +this directory, you can add to your /etc/fstab file: + + debugfs /sys/kernel/debug debugfs defaults 0 0 + +Or you can mount it at run time with: + + mount -t debugfs nodev /sys/kernel/debug - # mkdir /debug - # mount -t debugfs nodev /debug +For quicker access to that directory you may want to make a soft link to +it: -( Note: it is more common to mount at /sys/kernel/debug, but for - simplicity this document will use /debug) + ln -s /sys/kernel/debug /debug + +Any selected ftrace option will also create a directory called tracing +within the debugfs. The rest of the document will assume that you are in +the ftrace directory (cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing) and will only concentrate +on the files within that directory and not distract from the content with +the extended "/sys/kernel/debug/tracing" path name. That's it! (assuming that you have ftrace configured into your kernel) @@ -389,18 +401,18 @@ trace_options The trace_options file is used to control what gets printed in the trace output. To see what is available, simply cat the file: - cat /debug/tracing/trace_options + cat trace_options print-parent nosym-offset nosym-addr noverbose noraw nohex nobin \ noblock nostacktrace nosched-tree nouserstacktrace nosym-userobj To disable one of the options, echo in the option prepended with "no". - echo noprint-parent > /debug/tracing/trace_options + echo noprint-parent > trace_options To enable an option, leave off the "no". - echo sym-offset > /debug/tracing/trace_options + echo sym-offset > trace_options Here are the available options: @@ -476,11 +488,11 @@ sched_switch This tracer simply records schedule switches. Here is an example of how to use it. - # echo sched_switch > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo sched_switch > current_tracer + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # sleep 1 - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat trace # tracer: sched_switch # @@ -583,13 +595,13 @@ new trace is saved. To reset the maximum, echo 0 into tracing_max_latency. Here is an example: - # echo irqsoff > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo irqsoff > current_tracer + # echo 0 > tracing_max_latency + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # ls -ltr [...] - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat latency_trace # tracer: irqsoff # irqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26 @@ -690,13 +702,13 @@ Like the irqsoff tracer, it records the maximum latency for which preemption was disabled. The control of preemptoff tracer is much like the irqsoff tracer. - # echo preemptoff > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo preemptoff > current_tracer + # echo 0 > tracing_max_latency + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # ls -ltr [...] - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat latency_trace # tracer: preemptoff # preemptoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8 @@ -837,13 +849,13 @@ tracer. Again, using this trace is much like the irqsoff and preemptoff tracers. - # echo preemptirqsoff > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo preemptirqsoff > current_tracer + # echo 0 > tracing_max_latency + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # ls -ltr [...] - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat latency_trace # tracer: preemptirqsoff # preemptirqsoff latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8 @@ -999,12 +1011,12 @@ slightly differently than we did with the previous tracers. Instead of performing an 'ls', we will run 'sleep 1' under 'chrt' which changes the priority of the task. - # echo wakeup > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo wakeup > current_tracer + # echo 0 > tracing_max_latency + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # chrt -f 5 sleep 1 - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/latency_trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat latency_trace # tracer: wakeup # wakeup latency trace v1.1.5 on 2.6.26-rc8 @@ -1114,11 +1126,11 @@ can be done from the debug file system. Make sure the ftrace_enabled is set; otherwise this tracer is a nop. # sysctl kernel.ftrace_enabled=1 - # echo function > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo function > current_tracer + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # usleep 1 - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat trace # tracer: function # # TASK-PID CPU# TIMESTAMP FUNCTION @@ -1155,7 +1167,7 @@ int trace_fd; [...] int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { [...] - trace_fd = open("/debug/tracing/tracing_enabled", O_WRONLY); + trace_fd = open(tracing_file("tracing_enabled"), O_WRONLY); [...] if (condition_hit()) { write(trace_fd, "0", 1); @@ -1163,26 +1175,20 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { [...] } -Note: Here we hard coded the path name. The debugfs mount is not -guaranteed to be at /debug (and is more commonly at -/sys/kernel/debug). For simple one time traces, the above is -sufficent. For anything else, a search through /proc/mounts may -be needed to find where the debugfs file-system is mounted. - Single thread tracing --------------------- -By writing into /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_pid you can trace a +By writing into set_ftrace_pid you can trace a single thread. For example: -# cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_pid +# cat set_ftrace_pid no pid -# echo 3111 > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_pid -# cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_pid +# echo 3111 > set_ftrace_pid +# cat set_ftrace_pid 3111 -# echo function > /debug/tracing/current_tracer -# cat /debug/tracing/trace | head +# echo function > current_tracer +# cat trace | head # tracer: function # # TASK-PID CPU# TIMESTAMP FUNCTION @@ -1193,8 +1199,8 @@ no pid yum-updatesd-3111 [003] 1637.254683: lock_hrtimer_base <-hrtimer_try_to_cancel yum-updatesd-3111 [003] 1637.254685: fget_light <-do_sys_poll yum-updatesd-3111 [003] 1637.254686: pipe_poll <-do_sys_poll -# echo -1 > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_pid -# cat /debug/tracing/trace |head +# echo -1 > set_ftrace_pid +# cat trace |head # tracer: function # # TASK-PID CPU# TIMESTAMP FUNCTION @@ -1216,6 +1222,51 @@ something like this simple program: #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> +#define _STR(x) #x +#define STR(x) _STR(x) +#define MAX_PATH 256 + +const char *find_debugfs(void) +{ + static char debugfs[MAX_PATH+1]; + static int debugfs_found; + char type[100]; + FILE *fp; + + if (debugfs_found) + return debugfs; + + if ((fp = fopen("/proc/mounts","r")) == NULL) { + perror("/proc/mounts"); + return NULL; + } + + while (fscanf(fp, "%*s %" + STR(MAX_PATH) + "s %99s %*s %*d %*d\n", + debugfs, type) == 2) { + if (strcmp(type, "debugfs") == 0) + break; + } + fclose(fp); + + if (strcmp(type, "debugfs") != 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "debugfs not mounted"); + return NULL; + } + + debugfs_found = 1; + + return debugfs; +} + +const char *tracing_file(const char *file_name) +{ + static char trace_file[MAX_PATH+1]; + snprintf(trace_file, MAX_PATH, "%s/%s", find_debugfs(), file_name); + return trace_file; +} + int main (int argc, char **argv) { if (argc < 1) @@ -1226,12 +1277,12 @@ int main (int argc, char **argv) char line[64]; int s; - ffd = open("/debug/tracing/current_tracer", O_WRONLY); + ffd = open(tracing_file("current_tracer"), O_WRONLY); if (ffd < 0) exit(-1); write(ffd, "nop", 3); - fd = open("/debug/tracing/set_ftrace_pid", O_WRONLY); + fd = open(tracing_file("set_ftrace_pid"), O_WRONLY); s = sprintf(line, "%d\n", getpid()); write(fd, line, s); @@ -1383,22 +1434,22 @@ want, depending on your needs. tracing_cpu_mask file) or you might sometimes see unordered function calls while cpu tracing switch. - hide: echo nofuncgraph-cpu > /debug/tracing/trace_options - show: echo funcgraph-cpu > /debug/tracing/trace_options + hide: echo nofuncgraph-cpu > trace_options + show: echo funcgraph-cpu > trace_options - The duration (function's time of execution) is displayed on the closing bracket line of a function or on the same line than the current function in case of a leaf one. It is default enabled. - hide: echo nofuncgraph-duration > /debug/tracing/trace_options - show: echo funcgraph-duration > /debug/tracing/trace_options + hide: echo nofuncgraph-duration > trace_options + show: echo funcgraph-duration > trace_options - The overhead field precedes the duration field in case of reached duration thresholds. - hide: echo nofuncgraph-overhead > /debug/tracing/trace_options - show: echo funcgraph-overhead > /debug/tracing/trace_options + hide: echo nofuncgraph-overhead > trace_options + show: echo funcgraph-overhead > trace_options depends on: funcgraph-duration ie: @@ -1427,8 +1478,8 @@ want, depending on your needs. - The task/pid field displays the thread cmdline and pid which executed the function. It is default disabled. - hide: echo nofuncgraph-proc > /debug/tracing/trace_options - show: echo funcgraph-proc > /debug/tracing/trace_options + hide: echo nofuncgraph-proc > trace_options + show: echo funcgraph-proc > trace_options ie: @@ -1451,8 +1502,8 @@ want, depending on your needs. system clock since it started. A snapshot of this time is given on each entry/exit of functions - hide: echo nofuncgraph-abstime > /debug/tracing/trace_options - show: echo funcgraph-abstime > /debug/tracing/trace_options + hide: echo nofuncgraph-abstime > trace_options + show: echo funcgraph-abstime > trace_options ie: @@ -1549,7 +1600,7 @@ listed in: available_filter_functions - # cat /debug/tracing/available_filter_functions + # cat available_filter_functions put_prev_task_idle kmem_cache_create pick_next_task_rt @@ -1561,12 +1612,12 @@ mutex_lock If I am only interested in sys_nanosleep and hrtimer_interrupt: # echo sys_nanosleep hrtimer_interrupt \ - > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter - # echo ftrace > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + > set_ftrace_filter + # echo ftrace > current_tracer + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # usleep 1 - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat trace # tracer: ftrace # # TASK-PID CPU# TIMESTAMP FUNCTION @@ -1577,7 +1628,7 @@ If I am only interested in sys_nanosleep and hrtimer_interrupt: To see which functions are being traced, you can cat the file: - # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter + # cat set_ftrace_filter hrtimer_interrupt sys_nanosleep @@ -1597,7 +1648,7 @@ Note: It is better to use quotes to enclose the wild cards, otherwise the shell may expand the parameters into names of files in the local directory. - # echo 'hrtimer_*' > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter + # echo 'hrtimer_*' > set_ftrace_filter Produces: @@ -1618,7 +1669,7 @@ Produces: Notice that we lost the sys_nanosleep. - # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter + # cat set_ftrace_filter hrtimer_run_queues hrtimer_run_pending hrtimer_init @@ -1644,17 +1695,17 @@ To append to the filters, use '>>' To clear out a filter so that all functions will be recorded again: - # echo > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter - # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter + # echo > set_ftrace_filter + # cat set_ftrace_filter # Again, now we want to append. - # echo sys_nanosleep > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter - # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter + # echo sys_nanosleep > set_ftrace_filter + # cat set_ftrace_filter sys_nanosleep - # echo 'hrtimer_*' >> /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter - # cat /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_filter + # echo 'hrtimer_*' >> set_ftrace_filter + # cat set_ftrace_filter hrtimer_run_queues hrtimer_run_pending hrtimer_init @@ -1677,7 +1728,7 @@ hrtimer_init_sleeper The set_ftrace_notrace prevents those functions from being traced. - # echo '*preempt*' '*lock*' > /debug/tracing/set_ftrace_notrace + # echo '*preempt*' '*lock*' > set_ftrace_notrace Produces: @@ -1767,13 +1818,13 @@ the effect on the tracing is different. Every read from trace_pipe is consumed. This means that subsequent reads will be different. The trace is live. - # echo function > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # cat /debug/tracing/trace_pipe > /tmp/trace.out & + # echo function > current_tracer + # cat trace_pipe > /tmp/trace.out & [1] 4153 - # echo 1 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled + # echo 1 > tracing_enabled # usleep 1 - # echo 0 > /debug/tracing/tracing_enabled - # cat /debug/tracing/trace + # echo 0 > tracing_enabled + # cat trace # tracer: function # # TASK-PID CPU# TIMESTAMP FUNCTION @@ -1809,7 +1860,7 @@ number listed is the number of entries that can be recorded per CPU. To know the full size, multiply the number of possible CPUS with the number of entries. - # cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb + # cat buffer_size_kb 1408 (units kilobytes) Note, to modify this, you must have tracing completely disabled. @@ -1817,18 +1868,18 @@ To do that, echo "nop" into the current_tracer. If the current_tracer is not set to "nop", an EINVAL error will be returned. - # echo nop > /debug/tracing/current_tracer - # echo 10000 > /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb - # cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb + # echo nop > current_tracer + # echo 10000 > buffer_size_kb + # cat buffer_size_kb 10000 (units kilobytes) The number of pages which will be allocated is limited to a percentage of available memory. Allocating too much will produce an error. - # echo 1000000000000 > /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb + # echo 1000000000000 > buffer_size_kb -bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory - # cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb + # cat buffer_size_kb 85 ----------- diff --git a/Documentation/trace/mmiotrace.txt b/Documentation/trace/mmiotrace.txt index 5731c67abc5..162effbfbde 100644 --- a/Documentation/trace/mmiotrace.txt +++ b/Documentation/trace/mmiotrace.txt @@ -32,41 +32,41 @@ is no way to automatically detect if you are losing events due to CPUs racing. Usage Quick Reference --------------------- -$ mount -t debugfs debugfs /debug -$ echo mmiotrace > /debug/tracing/current_tracer -$ cat /debug/tracing/trace_pipe > mydump.txt & +$ mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug +$ echo mmiotrace > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer +$ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe > mydump.txt & Start X or whatever. -$ echo "X is up" > /debug/tracing/trace_marker -$ echo nop > /debug/tracing/current_tracer +$ echo "X is up" > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_marker +$ echo nop > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer Check for lost events. Usage ----- -Make sure debugfs is mounted to /debug. If not, (requires root privileges) -$ mount -t debugfs debugfs /debug +Make sure debugfs is mounted to /sys/kernel/debug. If not, (requires root privileges) +$ mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug Check that the driver you are about to trace is not loaded. Activate mmiotrace (requires root privileges): -$ echo mmiotrace > /debug/tracing/current_tracer +$ echo mmiotrace > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer Start storing the trace: -$ cat /debug/tracing/trace_pipe > mydump.txt & +$ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe > mydump.txt & The 'cat' process should stay running (sleeping) in the background. Load the driver you want to trace and use it. Mmiotrace will only catch MMIO accesses to areas that are ioremapped while mmiotrace is active. During tracing you can place comments (markers) into the trace by -$ echo "X is up" > /debug/tracing/trace_marker +$ echo "X is up" > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_marker This makes it easier to see which part of the (huge) trace corresponds to which action. It is recommended to place descriptive markers about what you do. Shut down mmiotrace (requires root privileges): -$ echo nop > /debug/tracing/current_tracer +$ echo nop > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer The 'cat' process exits. If it does not, kill it by issuing 'fg' command and pressing ctrl+c. @@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ to view your kernel log and look for "mmiotrace has lost events" warning. If events were lost, the trace is incomplete. You should enlarge the buffers and try again. Buffers are enlarged by first seeing how large the current buffers are: -$ cat /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb +$ cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb gives you a number. Approximately double this number and write it back, for instance: -$ echo 128000 > /debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb +$ echo 128000 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/buffer_size_kb Then start again from the top. If you are doing a trace for a driver project, e.g. Nouveau, you should also |