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2007-01-05[PATCH] shrink_all_memory(): fix lru_pages handlingAndrew Morton
At the end of shrink_all_memory() we forget to recalculate lru_pages: it can be zero. Fix that up, and add a helper function for this operation too. Also, recalculate lru_pages each time around the inner loop to get the balancing correct. Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] fix garbage instead of zeroes in UFSEvgeniy Dushistov
Looks like this is the problem, which point Al Viro some time ago: ufs's get_block callback allocates 16k of disk at a time, and links that entire 16k into the file's metadata. But because get_block is called for only a single buffer_head (a 2k buffer_head in this case?) we are only able to tell the VFS that this 2k is buffer_new(). So when ufs_getfrag_block() is later called to map some more data in the file, and when that data resides within the remaining 14k of this fragment, ufs_getfrag_block() will incorrectly return a !buffer_new() buffer_head. I don't see _right_ way to do nullification of whole block, if use inode page cache, some pages may be outside of inode limits (inode size), and will be lost; if use blockdev page cache it is possible to zero real data, if later inode page cache will be used. The simpliest way, as can I see usage of block device page cache, but not only mark dirty, but also sync it during "nullification". I use my simple tests collection, which I used for check that create,open,write,read,close works on ufs, and I see that this patch makes ufs code 18% slower then before. Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] fix OOM killing of swapoffHugh Dickins
These days, if you swapoff when there isn't enough memory, OOM killer gives "BUG: scheduling while atomic" and the machine hangs: badness() needs to do its PF_SWAPOFF return after the task_unlock (tasklist_lock is also held here, so p isn't going to be freed: PF_SWAPOFF might get turned off at any moment, but that doesn't really matter). Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Cc: <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] fix the toshiba_acpi write_lcd return valueMatthijs van Otterdijk
write_lcd() in toshiba_acpi returns 0 on success since the big ACPI patch merged in 2.6.20-rc2. It should return count. Signed-off-by: Matthijs van Otterdijk <thotter@gmail.com> Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] qconf: fix SIGSEGV on empty menu itemsCyrill V. Gorcunov
qconf may cause SIGSEGV by trying to show debug information on empty menu items Signed-off-by: Cyrill V. Gorcunov <gorcunov@gmail.com> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] Check for populated zone in __drain_pagesChristoph Lameter
Both process_zones() and drain_node_pages() check for populated zones before touching pagesets. However, __drain_pages does not do so, This may result in a NULL pointer dereference for pagesets in unpopulated zones if a NUMA setup is combined with cpu hotplug. Initially the unpopulated zone has the pcp pointers pointing to the boot pagesets. Since the zone is not populated the boot pageset pointers will not be changed during page allocator and slab bootstrap. If a cpu is later brought down (first call to __drain_pages()) then the pcp pointers for cpus in unpopulated zones are set to NULL since __drain_pages does not first check for an unpopulated zone. If the cpu is then brought up again then we call process_zones() which will ignore the unpopulated zone. So the pageset pointers will still be NULL. If the cpu is then again brought down then __drain_pages will attempt to drain pages by following the NULL pageset pointer for unpopulated zones. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] hpt37x: Two important bug fixesAlan
The HPT37x driver very carefully handles DMA completions and the needed fixups are done on pci registers 0x50 and 0x52. This is unfortunate because the actual registers are 0x50 and 0x54. Fixing this offset cures the second channel problems reported. Secondly there are some problems with the HPT370 and certain ATA drives. The filter code however only filters ATAPI devices due to a reversed type check. Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] pata_optidma: typo in KconfigAlexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@redhat.com> Cc: Jeff Garzik <jeff@garzik.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Simplify test for interrupt windowDor Laor
No need to test for rflags.if as both VT and SVM specs assure us that on exit caused from interrupt window opening, 'if' is set. Signed-off-by: Dor Laor <dor.laor@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Simplify mmu_alloc_roots()Ingo Molnar
Small optimization/cleanup: page == page_header(page->page_hpa) Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Make loading cr3 more robustIngo Molnar
Prevent the guest's loading of a corrupt cr3 (pointing at no guest phsyical page) from crashing the host. Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Add missing dirty bitAvi Kivity
If we emulate a write, we fail to set the dirty bit on the guest pte, leading the guest to believe the page is clean, and thus lose data. Bad. Fix by setting the guest pte dirty bit under such conditions. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Don't set guest cr3 from vmx_vcpu_setup()Avi Kivity
It overwrites the right cr3 set from mmu setup. Happens only with the test harness. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Add missing 'break'Avi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Avoid oom on cr3 switchIngo Molnar
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Initialize vcpu->kvm a little earlierAvi Kivity
Fixes oops on early close of /dev/kvm. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: Improve reporting of vmwrite errorsAvi Kivity
This will allow us to see the root cause when a vmwrite error happens. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: add audit code to check mappings, etc are correctAvi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Destroy mmu while we still have a vcpu leftAvi Kivity
mmu_destroy flushes the guest tlb (indirectly), which needs a valid vcpu. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Flush guest tlb when reducing permissions on a pteAvi Kivity
If we reduce permissions on a pte, we must flush the cached copy of the pte from the guest's tlb. This is implemented at the moment by flushing the entire guest tlb, and can be improved by flushing just the relevant virtual address, if it is known. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Detect oom conditions and propagate error to userspaceAvi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Replace atomic allocations by preallocated objectsAvi Kivity
The mmu sometimes needs memory for reverse mapping and parent pte chains. however, we can't allocate from within the mmu because of the atomic context. So, move the allocations to a central place that can be executed before the main mmu machinery, where we can bail out on failure before any damage is done. (error handling is deffered for now, but the basic structure is there) Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Free pages on kvm destructionAvi Kivity
Because mmu pages have attached rmap and parent pte chain structures, we need to zap them before freeing so the attached structures are freed. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Treat user-mode faults as a hint that a page is no longer ↵Avi Kivity
a page table Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Fix cmpxchg8b emulationAvi Kivity
cmpxchg8b uses edx:eax as the compare operand, not edi:eax. cmpxchg8b is used by 32-bit pae guests to set page table entries atomically, and this is emulated touching shadowed guest page tables. Also, implement it for 32-bit hosts. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Never free a shadow page actively serving as a rootAvi Kivity
We always need cr3 to point to something valid, so if we detect that we're freeing a root page, simply push it back to the top of the active list. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Page table write flood protectionAvi Kivity
In fork() (or when we protect a page that is no longer a page table), we can experience floods of writes to a page, which have to be emulated. This is expensive. So, if we detect such a flood, zap the page so subsequent writes can proceed natively. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: If an empty shadow page is not empty, report more infoAvi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Ensure freed shadow pages are cleanAvi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: <ove is_empty_shadow_page() above kvm_mmu_free_page()Avi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Handle misaligned accesses to write protected guest page ↵Avi Kivity
tables A misaligned access affects two shadow ptes instead of just one. Since a misaligned access is unlikely to occur on a real page table, just zap the page out of existence, avoiding further trouble. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Remove release_pt_page_64()Avi Kivity
Unused. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Remove invlpg interceptionAvi Kivity
Since we write protect shadowed guest page tables, there is no need to trap page invalidations (the guest will always change the mapping before issuing the invlpg instruction). Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: oom handlingAvi Kivity
When beginning to process a page fault, make sure we have enough shadow pages available to service the fault. If not, free some pages. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: kvm_mmu_put_page() only removes one link to the pageAvi Kivity
... and so must not free it unconditionally. Move the freeing to kvm_mmu_zap_page(). Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Implement child shadow unlinkingAvi Kivity
When removing a page table, we must maintain the parent_pte field all child shadow page tables. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: If emulating an instruction fails, try unprotecting the pageAvi Kivity
A page table may have been recycled into a regular page, and so any instruction can be executed on it. Unprotect the page and let the cpu do its thing. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Zap shadow page table entries on writes to guest page tablesAvi Kivity
Iterate over all shadow pages which correspond to a the given guest page table and remove the mappings. A subsequent page fault will reestablish the new mapping. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Support emulated writes into RAMAvi Kivity
As the mmu write protects guest page table, we emulate those writes. Since they are not mmio, there is no need to go to userspace to perform them. So, perform the writes in the kernel if possible, and notify the mmu about them so it can take the approriate action. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Let the walker extract the target page gfn from the pteAvi Kivity
This fixes a problem where set_pte_common() looked for shadowed pages based on the page directory gfn (a huge page) instead of the actual gfn being mapped. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Write protect guest pages when a shadow is created for themAvi Kivity
When we cache a guest page table into a shadow page table, we need to prevent further access to that page by the guest, as that would render the cache incoherent. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Shadow page table cachingAvi Kivity
Define a hashtable for caching shadow page tables. Look up the cache on context switch (cr3 change) or during page faults. The key to the cache is a combination of - the guest page table frame number - the number of paging levels in the guest * we can cache real mode, 32-bit mode, pae, and long mode page tables simultaneously. this is useful for smp bootup. - the guest page table table * some kernels use a page as both a page table and a page directory. this allows multiple shadow pages to exist for that page, one per level - the "quadrant" * 32-bit mode page tables span 4MB, whereas a shadow page table spans 2MB. similarly, a 32-bit page directory spans 4GB, while a shadow page directory spans 1GB. the quadrant allows caching up to 4 shadow page tables for one guest page in one level. - a "metaphysical" bit * for real mode, and for pse pages, there is no guest page table, so set the bit to avoid write protecting the page. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Make kvm_mmu_alloc_page() return a kvm_mmu_page pointerAvi Kivity
This allows further manipulation on the shadow page table. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Make the shadow page tables also special-case paeAvi Kivity
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Use the guest pdptrs instead of mapping cr3 in pae modeAvi Kivity
This lets us not write protect a partial page, and is anyway what a real processor does. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MU: Special treatment for shadow pae root pagesAvi Kivity
Since we're not going to cache the pae-mode shadow root pages, allocate a single pae shadow that will hold the four lower-level pages, which will act as roots. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Fold fetch_guest() into init_walker()Avi Kivity
It is never necessary to fetch a guest entry from an intermediate page table level (except for large pages), so avoid some confusion by always descending into the lowest possible level. Rename init_walker() to walk_addr() as it is no longer restricted to initialization. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Load the pae pdptrs on cr3 change like the processor doesAvi Kivity
In pae mode, a load of cr3 loads the four third-level page table entries in addition to cr3 itself. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Teach the page table walker to track guest page table gfnsAvi Kivity
Saving the table gfns removes the need to walk the guest and host page tables in lockstep. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2007-01-05[PATCH] KVM: MMU: Implement simple reverse mappingAvi Kivity
Keep in each host page frame's page->private a pointer to the shadow pte which maps it. If there are multiple shadow ptes mapping the page, set bit 0 of page->private, and use the rest as a pointer to a linked list of all such mappings. Reverse mappings are needed because we when we cache shadow page tables, we must protect the guest page tables from being modified by the guest, as that would invalidate the cached ptes. Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>