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2007-10-16Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sam/kbuildLinus Torvalds
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sam/kbuild: (40 commits) kbuild: introduce ccflags-y, asflags-y and ldflags-y kbuild: enable 'make CPPFLAGS=...' to add additional options to CPP kbuild: enable use of AFLAGS and CFLAGS on commandline kbuild: enable 'make AFLAGS=...' to add additional options to AS kbuild: fix AFLAGS use in h8300 and m68knommu kbuild: check for wrong use of CFLAGS kbuild: enable 'make CFLAGS=...' to add additional options to CC kbuild: fix up CFLAGS usage kbuild: make modpost detect unterminated device id lists kbuild: call export_report from the Makefile kbuild: move Kai Germaschewski to CREDITS kconfig/menuconfig: distinguish between selected-by-another options and comments kconfig: tristate choices with mixed tristate and boolean values include/linux/Kbuild: remove duplicate entries kbuild: kill backward compatibility checks kbuild: kill EXTRA_ARFLAGS kbuild: fix documentation in makefiles.txt kbuild: call make once for all targets when O=.. is used kbuild: pass -g to assembler under CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO kbuild: update _shipped files for kconfig syntax cleanup ... Fix up conflicts in arch/um/sys-{x86_64,i386}/Makefile manually.
2007-10-16FRV: cleanup struct irqaction initializersThomas Gleixner
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-16During VM oom condition, kill all threads in process groupWill Schmidt
We have had complaints where a threaded application is left in a bad state after one of it's threads is killed when we hit a VM: out_of_memory condition. Killing just one of the process threads can leave the application in a bad state, whereas killing the entire process group would allow for the application to restart, or be otherwise handled, and makes it very obvious that something has gone wrong. This change allows the entire process group to be taken down, rather than just the one thread. Signed-off-by: Will Schmidt <will_schmidt@vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com> Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com> Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Kazumoto Kojima <kkojima@rr.iij4u.or.jp> Cc: Richard Curnow <rc@rc0.org.uk> Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-10-15kbuild: enable 'make AFLAGS=...' to add additional options to ASSam Ravnborg
The variable AFLAGS is a wellknown variable and the usage by kbuild may result in unexpected behaviour. On top of that several people over time has asked for a way to pass in additional flags to gcc. This patch replace use of AFLAGS with KBUILD_AFLAGS all over the tree. Patch was tested on following architectures: alpha, arm, i386, x86_64, mips, sparc, sparc64, ia64, m68k, s390 Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-10-14kbuild: enable 'make CFLAGS=...' to add additional options to CCSam Ravnborg
The variable CFLAGS is a wellknown variable and the usage by kbuild may result in unexpected behaviour. On top of that several people over time has asked for a way to pass in additional flags to gcc. This patch replace use of CFLAGS with KBUILD_CFLAGS all over the tree and enabling one to use: make CFLAGS=... to specify additional gcc commandline options. One usecase is when trying to find gcc bugs but other use cases has been requested too. Patch was tested on following architectures: alpha, arm, i386, x86_64, mips, sparc, sparc64, ia64, m68k Test was simple to do a defconfig build, apply the patch and check that nothing got rebuild. Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-08-11FRV: connect up fallocateDavid Howells
Connect up the fallocate() system call. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-08-01FRV: Enable the MB86943 PCI arbiter correctlyDavid Howells
Enable the MB93090 motherboard's MB86943 PCI arbiter correctly by assigning to the register rather than comparing against it. This is required to support bus mastering. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-29Remove fs.h from mm.hAlexey Dobriyan
Remove fs.h from mm.h. For this, 1) Uninline vma_wants_writenotify(). It's pretty huge anyway. 2) Add back fs.h or less bloated headers (err.h) to files that need it. As result, on x86_64 allyesconfig, fs.h dependencies cut down from 3929 files rebuilt down to 3444 (-12.3%). Cross-compile tested without regressions on my two usual configs and (sigh): alpha arm-mx1ads mips-bigsur powerpc-ebony alpha-allnoconfig arm-neponset mips-capcella powerpc-g5 alpha-defconfig arm-netwinder mips-cobalt powerpc-holly alpha-up arm-netx mips-db1000 powerpc-iseries arm arm-ns9xxx mips-db1100 powerpc-linkstation arm-assabet arm-omap_h2_1610 mips-db1200 powerpc-lite5200 arm-at91rm9200dk arm-onearm mips-db1500 powerpc-maple arm-at91rm9200ek arm-picotux200 mips-db1550 powerpc-mpc7448_hpc2 arm-at91sam9260ek arm-pleb mips-ddb5477 powerpc-mpc8272_ads arm-at91sam9261ek arm-pnx4008 mips-decstation powerpc-mpc8313_rdb arm-at91sam9263ek arm-pxa255-idp mips-e55 powerpc-mpc832x_mds arm-at91sam9rlek arm-realview mips-emma2rh powerpc-mpc832x_rdb arm-ateb9200 arm-realview-smp mips-excite powerpc-mpc834x_itx arm-badge4 arm-rpc mips-fulong powerpc-mpc834x_itxgp arm-carmeva arm-s3c2410 mips-ip22 powerpc-mpc834x_mds arm-cerfcube arm-shannon mips-ip27 powerpc-mpc836x_mds arm-clps7500 arm-shark mips-ip32 powerpc-mpc8540_ads arm-collie arm-simpad mips-jazz powerpc-mpc8544_ds arm-corgi arm-spitz mips-jmr3927 powerpc-mpc8560_ads arm-csb337 arm-trizeps4 mips-malta powerpc-mpc8568mds arm-csb637 arm-versatile mips-mipssim powerpc-mpc85xx_cds arm-ebsa110 i386 mips-mpc30x powerpc-mpc8641_hpcn arm-edb7211 i386-allnoconfig mips-msp71xx powerpc-mpc866_ads arm-em_x270 i386-defconfig mips-ocelot powerpc-mpc885_ads arm-ep93xx i386-up mips-pb1100 powerpc-pasemi arm-footbridge ia64 mips-pb1500 powerpc-pmac32 arm-fortunet ia64-allnoconfig mips-pb1550 powerpc-ppc64 arm-h3600 ia64-bigsur mips-pnx8550-jbs powerpc-prpmc2800 arm-h7201 ia64-defconfig mips-pnx8550-stb810 powerpc-ps3 arm-h7202 ia64-gensparse mips-qemu powerpc-pseries arm-hackkit ia64-sim mips-rbhma4200 powerpc-up arm-integrator ia64-sn2 mips-rbhma4500 s390 arm-iop13xx ia64-tiger mips-rm200 s390-allnoconfig arm-iop32x ia64-up mips-sb1250-swarm s390-defconfig arm-iop33x ia64-zx1 mips-sead s390-up arm-ixp2000 m68k mips-tb0219 sparc arm-ixp23xx m68k-amiga mips-tb0226 sparc-allnoconfig arm-ixp4xx m68k-apollo mips-tb0287 sparc-defconfig arm-jornada720 m68k-atari mips-workpad sparc-up arm-kafa m68k-bvme6000 mips-wrppmc sparc64 arm-kb9202 m68k-hp300 mips-yosemite sparc64-allnoconfig arm-ks8695 m68k-mac parisc sparc64-defconfig arm-lart m68k-mvme147 parisc-allnoconfig sparc64-up arm-lpd270 m68k-mvme16x parisc-defconfig um-x86_64 arm-lpd7a400 m68k-q40 parisc-up x86_64 arm-lpd7a404 m68k-sun3 powerpc x86_64-allnoconfig arm-lubbock m68k-sun3x powerpc-cell x86_64-defconfig arm-lusl7200 mips powerpc-celleb x86_64-up arm-mainstone mips-atlas powerpc-chrp32 Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19FRV: work around a possible compiler bugDavid Howells
Work around a possible bug in the FRV compiler. What appears to be happening is that gcc resolves the __builtin_constant_p() in kmalloc() to true, but then fails to reduce the therefore constant conditions in the if-statements it guards to constant results. When compiling with -O2 or -Os, one single spurious error crops up in cpuup_callback() in mm/slab.c. This can be avoided by making the memsize variable const. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19define new percpu interface for shared dataFenghua Yu
per cpu data section contains two types of data. One set which is exclusively accessed by the local cpu and the other set which is per cpu, but also shared by remote cpus. In the current kernel, these two sets are not clearely separated out. This can potentially cause the same data cacheline shared between the two sets of data, which will result in unnecessary bouncing of the cacheline between cpus. One way to fix the problem is to cacheline align the remotely accessed per cpu data, both at the beginning and at the end. Because of the padding at both ends, this will likely cause some memory wastage and also the interface to achieve this is not clean. This patch: Moves the remotely accessed per cpu data (which is currently marked as ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp) into a different section, where all the data elements are cacheline aligned. And as such, this differentiates the local only data and remotely accessed data cleanly. Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com> Acked-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com> Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-19mm: fault feedback #2Nick Piggin
This patch completes Linus's wish that the fault return codes be made into bit flags, which I agree makes everything nicer. This requires requires all handle_mm_fault callers to be modified (possibly the modifications should go further and do things like fault accounting in handle_mm_fault -- however that would be for another patch). [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix alpha build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix s390 build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix sparc build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix sparc64 build] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix ia64 build] Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com> Cc: Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com> Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org> Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@uclinux.org> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Cc: Kazumoto Kojima <kkojima@rr.iij4u.or.jp> Cc: Richard Curnow <rc@rc0.org.uk> Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com> Cc: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it> Cc: Miles Bader <uclinux-v850@lsi.nec.co.jp> Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net> Acked-by: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca> Acked-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com> Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Acked-by: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> [ Still apparently needs some ARM and PPC loving - Linus ] Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-18serial: add early_serial_setup() back to header fileYinghai Lu
early_serial_setup was removed from serial.h, but forgot to put in serial_8250.h Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai.lu@sun.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-17PTRACE_POKEDATA consolidationAlexey Dobriyan
Identical implementations of PTRACE_POKEDATA go into generic_ptrace_pokedata() function. AFAICS, fix bug on xtensa where successful PTRACE_POKEDATA will nevertheless return EPERM. Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-17PTRACE_PEEKDATA consolidationAlexey Dobriyan
Identical implementations of PTRACE_PEEKDATA go into generic_ptrace_peekdata() function. Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-16FRV: Remove some dead codeDavid Howells
Remove some dead chunks of code that are bounded by preprocessor conditionals controlled by apparently no-longer available config options. These are: CONFIG_BLK_DEV_BLKMEM CONFIG_CHR_DEV_FLASH CONFIG_BLK_DEV_FLASH CONFIG_CONSOLE [Found by Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>] Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-16FRV: Be (self-)consistent and use CONFIG_GDB_CONSOLE everywhereDavid Howells
Be (self-)consistent and use CONFIG_GDB_CONSOLE everywhere rather than using CONFIG_GDBSTUB_CONSOLE in some places and not others. This is also then consistent with other archs. Also remove the gdbstub console device() op which doesn't seem to be necessary now (especially as it doesn't compile). [Found by Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>] Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-07-16FRV: Connect up new syscallsDavid Howells
Connect up new system calls. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-19all-archs: consolidate .data section definition in asm-genericSam Ravnborg
With this consolidation we can now modify the .data section definition in one spot for all archs. Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-05-19all-archs: consolidate .text section definition in asm-genericSam Ravnborg
Move definition of .text section to asm-generic. Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
2007-05-17Slab allocators: define common size limitationsChristoph Lameter
Currently we have a maze of configuration variables that determine the maximum slab size. Worst of all it seems to vary between SLAB and SLUB. So define a common maximum size for kmalloc. For conveniences sake we use the maximum size ever supported which is 32 MB. We limit the maximum size to a lower limit if MAX_ORDER does not allow such large allocations. For many architectures this patch will have the effect of adding large kmalloc sizes. x86_64 adds 5 new kmalloc sizes. So a small amount of memory will be needed for these caches (contemporary SLAB has dynamically sizeable node and cpu structure so the waste is less than in the past) Most architectures will then be able to allocate object with sizes up to MAX_ORDER. We have had repeated breakage (in fact whenever we doubled the number of supported processors) on IA64 because one or the other struct grew beyond what the slab allocators supported. This will avoid future issues and f.e. avoid fixes for 2k and 4k cpu support. CONFIG_LARGE_ALLOCS is no longer necessary so drop it. It fixes sparc64 with SLAB. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-11frv: gdb: use __maybe_unusedDavid Rientjes
Replace function instances of __attribute__((unused)) with __maybe_unused to suppress warnings. Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-09FRV: Replace pgd management via slabs through quicklistsChristoph Lameter
This is done in order to be able to run SLUB which expects no modifications to its page structs. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08FRV: Miscellaneous fixesDavid Howells
Miscellaneous fixes to bring FRV up to date: (1) Copy the new syscall numbers from i386 to asm-frv/unistd.h and fill out the syscall table in entry.S too. (2) Mark __frv_uart0 and __frv_uart1 __pminitdata rather than __initdata so that determine_clocks() can access them when CONFIG_PM=y. (3) Make arch/frv/mm/elf-fdpic.c include asm/mman.h so that MAP_FIXED is available (fixes commit 2fd3bebaad9da3b3b99c46a3389099424bf7ee35). Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08header cleaning: don't include smp_lock.h when not usedRandy Dunlap
Remove includes of <linux/smp_lock.h> where it is not used/needed. Suggested by Al Viro. Builds cleanly on x86_64, i386, alpha, ia64, powerpc, sparc, sparc64, and arm (all 59 defconfigs). Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08kconfig: centralize the selection of semaphore debugging in lib/Kconfig.debugRobert P. J. Day
Remove the Kconfig selection of semaphore debugging from the ALPHA and FRV Kconfig files, and centralize it in lib/Kconfig.debug. There doesn't seem to be much point in letting individual architectures independently define the same Kconfig option when it can just as easily be put in a single Kconfig file and made dependent on a subset of architectures. that way, at least the option shows up in the same relative location in the menu each time. Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08use SLAB_PANIC flag cleanupAkinobu Mita
Use SLAB_PANIC and delete duplicated panic(). Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com> Cc: Ian Molton <spyro@f2s.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-07get_unmapped_area handles MAP_FIXED on frvBenjamin Herrenschmidt
Handle MAP_FIXED in arch_get_unmapped_area on frv. Trivial case, just return the address. Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-07SLUB coreChristoph Lameter
This is a new slab allocator which was motivated by the complexity of the existing code in mm/slab.c. It attempts to address a variety of concerns with the existing implementation. A. Management of object queues A particular concern was the complex management of the numerous object queues in SLAB. SLUB has no such queues. Instead we dedicate a slab for each allocating CPU and use objects from a slab directly instead of queueing them up. B. Storage overhead of object queues SLAB Object queues exist per node, per CPU. The alien cache queue even has a queue array that contain a queue for each processor on each node. For very large systems the number of queues and the number of objects that may be caught in those queues grows exponentially. On our systems with 1k nodes / processors we have several gigabytes just tied up for storing references to objects for those queues This does not include the objects that could be on those queues. One fears that the whole memory of the machine could one day be consumed by those queues. C. SLAB meta data overhead SLAB has overhead at the beginning of each slab. This means that data cannot be naturally aligned at the beginning of a slab block. SLUB keeps all meta data in the corresponding page_struct. Objects can be naturally aligned in the slab. F.e. a 128 byte object will be aligned at 128 byte boundaries and can fit tightly into a 4k page with no bytes left over. SLAB cannot do this. D. SLAB has a complex cache reaper SLUB does not need a cache reaper for UP systems. On SMP systems the per CPU slab may be pushed back into partial list but that operation is simple and does not require an iteration over a list of objects. SLAB expires per CPU, shared and alien object queues during cache reaping which may cause strange hold offs. E. SLAB has complex NUMA policy layer support SLUB pushes NUMA policy handling into the page allocator. This means that allocation is coarser (SLUB does interleave on a page level) but that situation was also present before 2.6.13. SLABs application of policies to individual slab objects allocated in SLAB is certainly a performance concern due to the frequent references to memory policies which may lead a sequence of objects to come from one node after another. SLUB will get a slab full of objects from one node and then will switch to the next. F. Reduction of the size of partial slab lists SLAB has per node partial lists. This means that over time a large number of partial slabs may accumulate on those lists. These can only be reused if allocator occur on specific nodes. SLUB has a global pool of partial slabs and will consume slabs from that pool to decrease fragmentation. G. Tunables SLAB has sophisticated tuning abilities for each slab cache. One can manipulate the queue sizes in detail. However, filling the queues still requires the uses of the spin lock to check out slabs. SLUB has a global parameter (min_slab_order) for tuning. Increasing the minimum slab order can decrease the locking overhead. The bigger the slab order the less motions of pages between per CPU and partial lists occur and the better SLUB will be scaling. G. Slab merging We often have slab caches with similar parameters. SLUB detects those on boot up and merges them into the corresponding general caches. This leads to more effective memory use. About 50% of all caches can be eliminated through slab merging. This will also decrease slab fragmentation because partial allocated slabs can be filled up again. Slab merging can be switched off by specifying slub_nomerge on boot up. Note that merging can expose heretofore unknown bugs in the kernel because corrupted objects may now be placed differently and corrupt differing neighboring objects. Enable sanity checks to find those. H. Diagnostics The current slab diagnostics are difficult to use and require a recompilation of the kernel. SLUB contains debugging code that is always available (but is kept out of the hot code paths). SLUB diagnostics can be enabled via the "slab_debug" option. Parameters can be specified to select a single or a group of slab caches for diagnostics. This means that the system is running with the usual performance and it is much more likely that race conditions can be reproduced. I. Resiliency If basic sanity checks are on then SLUB is capable of detecting common error conditions and recover as best as possible to allow the system to continue. J. Tracing Tracing can be enabled via the slab_debug=T,<slabcache> option during boot. SLUB will then protocol all actions on that slabcache and dump the object contents on free. K. On demand DMA cache creation. Generally DMA caches are not needed. If a kmalloc is used with __GFP_DMA then just create this single slabcache that is needed. For systems that have no ZONE_DMA requirement the support is completely eliminated. L. Performance increase Some benchmarks have shown speed improvements on kernbench in the range of 5-10%. The locking overhead of slub is based on the underlying base allocation size. If we can reliably allocate larger order pages then it is possible to increase slub performance much further. The anti-fragmentation patches may enable further performance increases. Tested on: i386 UP + SMP, x86_64 UP + SMP + NUMA emulation, IA64 NUMA + Simulator SLUB Boot options slub_nomerge Disable merging of slabs slub_min_order=x Require a minimum order for slab caches. This increases the managed chunk size and therefore reduces meta data and locking overhead. slub_min_objects=x Mininum objects per slab. Default is 8. slub_max_order=x Avoid generating slabs larger than order specified. slub_debug Enable all diagnostics for all caches slub_debug=<options> Enable selective options for all caches slub_debug=<o>,<cache> Enable selective options for a certain set of caches Available Debug options F Double Free checking, sanity and resiliency R Red zoning P Object / padding poisoning U Track last free / alloc T Trace all allocs / frees (only use for individual slabs). To use SLUB: Apply this patch and then select SLUB as the default slab allocator. [hugh@veritas.com: fix an oops-causing locking error] [akpm@linux-foundation.org: various stupid cleanups and small fixes] Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-02[PATCH] x86: Allow percpu variables to be page-alignedJeremy Fitzhardinge
Let's allow page-alignment in general for per-cpu data (wanted by Xen, and Ingo suggested KVM as well). Because larger alignments can use more room, we increase the max per-cpu memory to 64k rather than 32k: it's getting a little tight. Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com> Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2007-03-28[PATCH] MSI-X: fix resume crashEric W. Biederman
So I think the right solution is to simply make pci_enable_device just flip enable bits and move the rest of the work someplace else. However a thorough cleanup is a little extreme for this point in the release cycle, so I think a quick hack that makes the code not stomp the irq when msi irq's are enabled should be the first fix. Then we can later make the code not change the irqs at all. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-03-01[PATCH] FRV: No ZONE_DMADavid Howells
FRV does not require a ZONE_DMA, so all DMA'able pages that aren't highmem should be in ZONE_NORMAL. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: remove insert_at_head from register_sysctlEric W. Biederman
The semantic effect of insert_at_head is that it would allow new registered sysctl entries to override existing sysctl entries of the same name. Which is pain for caching and the proc interface never implemented. I have done an audit and discovered that none of the current users of register_sysctl care as (excpet for directories) they do not register duplicate sysctl entries. So this patch simply removes the support for overriding existing entries in the sys_sysctl interface since no one uses it or cares and it makes future enhancments harder. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Acked-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: Corey Minyard <minyard@acm.org> Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de> Cc: "John W. Linville" <linville@tuxdriver.com> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@ucw.cz> Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no> Cc: Mark Fasheh <mark.fasheh@oracle.com> Cc: David Chinner <dgc@sgi.com> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: C99 convert arch/frv/kernel/sysctl.cEric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: C99 convert arch/frv/kernel/pm.cEric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: frv: remove unnecessary insert_at_head flagEric W. Biederman
Since the binary sysctl numbers are unique putting the registered sysctls at the head of the sysctl list where they can override existing sysctls serves no useful purpose. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: move CTL_FRV into sysctl.h where it belongsEric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: frv: pm remove unnecessary insert_at_head flagEric W. Biederman
With unique binary numbers setting insert_at_head to insert yourself at the head of sysctl list and thus override existing sysctl entries serves no point. Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-14[PATCH] sysctl: move CTL_PM into sysctl.h where it belongsEric W. Biederman
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-12[PATCH] Dynamic kernel command-line: frvAlon Bar-Lev
1. Rename saved_command_line into boot_command_line. 2. Set command_line as __initdata. Signed-off-by: Alon Bar-Lev <alon.barlev@gmail.com> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-11[PATCH] disable init/initramfs.c: architecturesJean-Paul Saman
Update all arch/*/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S to not include space for initramfs when CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRAMFS is not selected. This saves another 4 kbytes on most platfoms (some reserve PAGE_SIZE for initramfs). Signed-off-by: Jean-Paul Saman <jean-paul.saman@nxp.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-11[PATCH] optional ZONE_DMA: introduce CONFIG_ZONE_DMAChristoph Lameter
This patch simply defines CONFIG_ZONE_DMA for all arches. We later do special things with CONFIG_ZONE_DMA after the VM and an arch are prepared to work without ZONE_DMA. CONFIG_ZONE_DMA can be defined in two ways depending on how an architecture handles ISA DMA. First if CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA is set by the arch then we know that the arch needs ZONE_DMA because ISA DMA devices are supported. We can catch this in mm/Kconfig and do not need to modify arch code. Second, arches may use ZONE_DMA in an unknown way. We set CONFIG_ZONE_DMA for all arches that do not set CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA in order to insure backwards compatibility. The arches may later undefine ZONE_DMA if their arch code has been verified to not depend on ZONE_DMA. Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca> Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org> Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com> Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2006-12-10[PATCH] sysctl: remove unused "context" paramAlexey Dobriyan
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-08[PATCH] LOG2: Implement a general integer log2 facility in the kernelDavid Howells
This facility provides three entry points: ilog2() Log base 2 of unsigned long ilog2_u32() Log base 2 of u32 ilog2_u64() Log base 2 of u64 These facilities can either be used inside functions on dynamic data: int do_something(long q) { ...; y = ilog2(x) ...; } Or can be used to statically initialise global variables with constant values: unsigned n = ilog2(27); When performing static initialisation, the compiler will report "error: initializer element is not constant" if asked to take a log of zero or of something not reducible to a constant. They treat negative numbers as unsigned. When not dealing with a constant, they fall back to using fls() which permits them to use arch-specific log calculation instructions - such as BSR on x86/x86_64 or SCAN on FRV - if available. [akpm@osdl.org: MMC fix] Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au> Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Cc: Wojtek Kaniewski <wojtekka@toxygen.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-08[PATCH] struct path: convert frvJosef Sipek
Signed-off-by: Josef Sipek <jsipek@fsl.cs.sunysb.edu> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07[PATCH] initrd: remove unused false condition for initrd_startHenry Nestler
After LOADER_TYPE && INITRD_START are true, the short if-condition for INITRD_START can never be false. Remove unused code from the else condition. Signed-off-by: Henry Nestler <henry.ne@arcor.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07[PATCH] Add include/linux/freezer.h and move definitions from sched.hNigel Cunningham
Move process freezing functions from include/linux/sched.h to freezer.h, so that modifications to the freezer or the kernel configuration don't require recompiling just about everything. [akpm@osdl.org: fix ueagle driver] Signed-off-by: Nigel Cunningham <nigel@suspend2.net> Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl> Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07[PATCH] arch/frv/kernel/futex.c must #include <linux/uaccess.h>Adrian Bunk
This patch fixes the following compile error with -Werror-implicit-function-declaration (without -Werror-implicit-function-declaration it's a link error): ... CC arch/frv/kernel/futex.o /home/bunk/linux/kernel-2.6/linux-2.6.19-rc6-mm2/arch/frv/kernel/futex.c: In function 'futex_atomic_op_inuser': /home/bunk/linux/kernel-2.6/linux-2.6.19-rc6-mm2/arch/frv/kernel/futex.c:203: error: implicit declaration of function 'pagefault_disable' /home/bunk/linux/kernel-2.6/linux-2.6.19-rc6-mm2/arch/frv/kernel/futex.c:226: error: implicit declaration of function 'pagefault_enable' make[2]: *** [arch/frv/kernel/futex.o] Error 1 ... Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de> Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07[PATCH] slab: remove kmem_cache_tChristoph Lameter
Replace all uses of kmem_cache_t with struct kmem_cache. The patch was generated using the following script: #!/bin/sh # # Replace one string by another in all the kernel sources. # set -e for file in `find * -name "*.c" -o -name "*.h"|xargs grep -l $1`; do quilt add $file sed -e "1,\$s/$1/$2/g" $file >/tmp/$$ mv /tmp/$$ $file quilt refresh done The script was run like this sh replace kmem_cache_t "struct kmem_cache" Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07[PATCH] mm: pagefault_{disable,enable}()Peter Zijlstra
Introduce pagefault_{disable,enable}() and use these where previously we did manual preempt increments/decrements to make the pagefault handler do the atomic thing. Currently they still rely on the increased preempt count, but do not rely on the disabled preemption, this might go away in the future. (NOTE: the extra barrier() in pagefault_disable might fix some holes on machines which have too many registers for their own good) [heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com: s390 fix] Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-12-07[PATCH] mm: arch do_page_fault() vs in_atomic()Peter Zijlstra
In light of the recent pagefault and filemap_copy_from_user work I've gone through all the arch pagefault handlers to make sure the inc_preempt_count() 'feature' works as expected. Several sections of code (including the new filemap_copy_from_user) rely on the fact that faults do not take locks under increased preempt count. arch/x86_64 - good arch/powerpc - good arch/cris - fixed arch/i386 - good arch/parisc - fixed arch/sh - good arch/sparc - good arch/s390 - good arch/m68k - fixed arch/ppc - good arch/alpha - fixed arch/mips - good arch/sparc64 - good arch/ia64 - good arch/arm - fixed arch/um - good arch/avr32 - good arch/h8300 - NA arch/m32r - good arch/v850 - good arch/frv - fixed arch/m68knommu - NA arch/arm26 - fixed arch/sh64 - fixed arch/xtensa - good Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Acked-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>