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2007-05-08SPI kerneldocDavid Brownell
Various documentation updates for the SPI infrastructure, to clarify things that may not have been clear, to cope with lack of editing, and fix omissions. Also, plug SPI into the kernel-api DocBook template, and fix all the resulting glitches in document generation. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Cc: "Randy.Dunlap" <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-08/dev/spidevB.C interfaceAndrea Paterniani
Add a filesystem API for <linux/spi/spi.h> stack. The initial version of this interface is purely synchronous. dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net: Cleaned up, bugfixed; much simplified; added preliminary documentation. Works with mdev given CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED; and presumably udev. Updated SPI_IOC_MESSAGE ioctl to full spi_message semantics, supporting groups of one or more transfers (each of which may be full duplex if desired). This is marked as EXPERIMENTAL with an explicit disclaimer that the API (notably the ioctls) is subject to change. Signed-off-by: Andrea Paterniani <a.paterniani@swapp-eng.it> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-05-07blackfin architectureBryan Wu
This adds support for the Analog Devices Blackfin processor architecture, and currently supports the BF533, BF532, BF531, BF537, BF536, BF534, and BF561 (Dual Core) devices, with a variety of development platforms including those avaliable from Analog Devices (BF533-EZKit, BF533-STAMP, BF537-STAMP, BF561-EZKIT), and Bluetechnix! Tinyboards. The Blackfin architecture was jointly developed by Intel and Analog Devices Inc. (ADI) as the Micro Signal Architecture (MSA) core and introduced it in December of 2000. Since then ADI has put this core into its Blackfin processor family of devices. The Blackfin core has the advantages of a clean, orthogonal,RISC-like microprocessor instruction set. It combines a dual-MAC (Multiply/Accumulate), state-of-the-art signal processing engine and single-instruction, multiple-data (SIMD) multimedia capabilities into a single instruction-set architecture. The Blackfin architecture, including the instruction set, is described by the ADSP-BF53x/BF56x Blackfin Processor Programming Reference http://blackfin.uclinux.org/gf/download/frsrelease/29/2549/Blackfin_PRM.pdf The Blackfin processor is already supported by major releases of gcc, and there are binary and source rpms/tarballs for many architectures at: http://blackfin.uclinux.org/gf/project/toolchain/frs There is complete documentation, including "getting started" guides available at: http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/ which provides links to the sources and patches you will need in order to set up a cross-compiling environment for bfin-linux-uclibc This patch, as well as the other patches (toolchain, distribution, uClibc) are actively supported by Analog Devices Inc, at: http://blackfin.uclinux.org/ We have tested this on LTP, and our test plan (including pass/fails) can be found at: http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/doku.php?id=testing_the_linux_kernel [m.kozlowski@tuxland.pl: balance parenthesis in blackfin header files] Signed-off-by: Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@analog.com> Signed-off-by: Mariusz Kozlowski <m.kozlowski@tuxland.pl> Signed-off-by: Aubrey Li <aubrey.li@analog.com> Signed-off-by: Jie Zhang <jie.zhang@analog.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-03-16[PATCH] spi: destroy workqueue after spi_unregister_masterChris Lesiak
Fix a bug in the cleanup of an spi_bitbang bus. The workqueue associated with the bus was destroyed before the call to spi_unregister_master. That meant that spi devices on that bus would be unable to do IO in their remove method. The shutdown flag should have been able to prevent a segfault, but was never getting set. By waiting to destroy the workqueue until after the master is unregistered, devices are able to do IO in their remove methods. An added benefit is that neither the shutdown flag nor a wait for the queue of messages to empty is needed. Signed-off-by: Chris Lesiak <chris.lesiak@licor.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-12[PATCH] SPI eeprom driverDavid Brownell
This is adds a simple SPI EEPROM driver, providing access to the EEPROM through sysfs much like the I2C "eeprom" driver ... except this driver supports write access, and multiple EEPROM sizes. From: "Tuppa, Walter" <walter.tuppa@siemens.com> Since I have EEPROMs on SPI with different address sizing, I made some changes to your at25.c to support them. Works perfectly. (Also includes a small bugfix for the "what size address" test.) Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Walter Tuppa <walter.tuppa@siemens.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-12[PATCH] SPI doc clarificationsDavid Brownell
This clarifies some aspects of the SPI programming interface, based on feedback from Hans-Peter Nilsson. The in-memory representation of words is right-aligned, so for example a twelve bit word is stored using sixteen bits with four undefined bits in the MSB. And controller drivers must reject protocol tweaking modes they do not support. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-12[PATCH] SPI cleanup() method param becomes non-constHans-Peter Nilsson
I'd like to assign NULL to kfree()d members of a structure. I can't do that without ugly casting (see the PXA patch) when the structure pointed to is const-qualified. I don't really see a reason why the cleanup method isn't allowed to alter the object it should clean up. :-) No, I didn't test the PXA patch, but I verified that the NULL-assignment doesn't stop me from doing rmmod/insmodding my own spi_bitbang-based driver. Signed-off-by: Hans-Peter Nilsson <hp@axis.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-12[PATCH] spi: remove return in spi_unregister_driver()Ben Dooks
Make the spi_unregister_driver() code fit in with the rest of the header file, and only do the action if the driver passed is non-NULL. This also makes the code a line smaller. Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-12[PATCH] spi: add spi_set_drvdata() and spi_get_drvdata()Ben Dooks
Add wrappers for getting and setting the driver data using spi_device instead of using dev_{get|set}_drvdata with &spi->dev, to mirror the platform_{get|set}_drvdata. Signed-off-by: Ben Dooks <ben-linux@fluff.org> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2007-02-10Merge rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6Dmitry Torokhov
2007-02-07Revert "Driver core: convert SPI code to use struct device"Greg Kroah-Hartman
This reverts commit 2943ecf2ed32632473c06f1975db47a7aa98c10f. This should go through the SPI maintainer, it was my fault that it did not. Especially as it conflicts with other patches he has pending. Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2007-02-07Driver core: convert SPI code to use struct deviceGreg Kroah-Hartman
Converts from using struct "class_device" to "struct device" making everything show up properly in /sys/devices/ with symlinks from the /sys/class directory. Cc: <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2007-01-18Input: ads7846 - optionally leave Vref on during differential measurementsImre Deak
On some LCDs leaving the Vref on provides much better readings. Signed-off-by: Jarkko Oikarinen <jarkko.oikarinen@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: Imre Deak <imre.deak@solidboot.com> Signed-off-by: Juha Yrjola <juha.yrjola@solidboot.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
2007-01-18Input: ads7846 - pluggable filtering logicImre Deak
Some LCDs like the LS041Y3 require a customized filtering logic for reliable readings, so make the filtering function replacable through platform specific hooks. Signed-off-by: Imre Deak <imre.deak@solidboot.com> Signed-off-by: Juha Yrjola <juha.yrjola@solidboot.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
2006-12-30[PATCH] SPI: define null tx_buf to mean "shift out zeroes"David Brownell
Some issues were recently turned up with the current specification of what it means for spi_transfer.tx_buf to be null, as part of transfers which are (from the SPI protocol driver perspective) pure reads. Specifically, that it seems better to change the TX behaviour there from "undefined" to "will shift zeroes". This lets protocol drivers (like the ads7846 driver) depend on that behavior. It's what most controller drivers in the tree are already doing (with one exception and one case of driver wanting-to-oops), it's what Microwire hardware will necessarily be doing, and it removes an issue whereby certain security audits would need to define such a value anyway as part of removing covert channels. This patch changes the specification to require shifting zeroes, and updates all currently merged SPI controller drivers to do so. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-06-28[PATCH] SPI: infrastructure to initialize spi_device.mode earlyDavid Brownell
This patch adds earlier initialization of spi_device.mode, as needed on boards using nondefault chipselect polarity. An example would be ones using the RS5C348 RTC without an external signal inverter between the RTC chipselect and the SPI controller. Without this mechanism, the first setup() call for that chip would wrongly enable chips, corrupting transfers to/from other chips sharing that SPI bus. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
2006-05-16[PATCH] SPI: busnum == 0 needs to workDavid Brownell
We need to be able to have a "SPI bus 0" matching chip numbering; but that number was wrongly used to flag dynamic allocation of a bus number. This patch resolves that issue; now negative numbers trigger dynamic alloc. It also updates the how-to-write-a-controller-driver overview to mention this stuff. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-05-16[PATCH] SPI: devices can require LSB-first encodingsDavid Brownell
Add spi_device hook for LSB-first word encoding, and update all the (in-tree) controller drivers to reject such devices. Eventually, some controller drivers will be updated to support lsb-first encodings on the wire; no current drivers need this. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-05-16[PATCH] SPI: Renamed bitbang_transfer_setup to spi_bitbang_setup_transfer ↵Kumar Gala
and export it Renamed bitbang_transfer_setup to follow convention of other exported symbols from spi-bitbang. Exported spi_bitbang_setup_transfer to allow users of spi-bitbang to use the function in their own setup_transfer. Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-05-16[PATCH] SPI: spi whitespace fixesDavid Brownell
This removes superfluous whitespace in the <linux/spi/spi.h> header. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-05-16[PATCH] SPI: per-transfer overrides for wordsize and clockingImre Deak
Some protocols (like one for some bitmap displays) require different clock speed or word size settings for each transfer in an SPI message. This adds those parameters to struct spi_transfer. They are to be used when they are nonzero; otherwise the defaults from spi_device are to be used. The patch also adds a setup_transfer callback to spi_bitbang, uses it for messages that use those overrides, and implements it so that the pure bitbanging code can help resolve any questions about how it should work. Signed-off-by: Imre Deak <imre.deak@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-04-26Input: ads7846 - improve filtering for thumb press accuracyImre Deak
Providing more accurate coordinates for thumb press requires additional steps in the filtering logic: - Ignore samples found invalid by the debouncing logic, or the ones that have out of bound pressure value. - Add a parameter to repeat debouncing, so that more then two consecutive good readings are required for a valid sample. Signed-off-by: Imre Deak <imre.deak@nokia.com> Acked-by: Juha Yrjola <juha.yrjola@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
2006-04-11Input: ads7846 - handle IRQs that were latched during disabled IRQsImre Deak
The pen down IRQ will toggle during each X,Y,Z measurement cycle. Even though the IRQ is disabled it will be latched and delivered when after enable_irq. Thus in the IRQ handler we must avoid starting a new measurement cycle when such an "unwanted" IRQ happens. Add a get_pendown_state platform function, which will probably determine this by reading the current GPIO level of the pen IRQ pin. Move the IRQ reenabling from the SPI RX function to the timer. After the last power down message the pen IRQ pin is still active for a while and get_pendown_state would report incorrectly a pen down state. When suspending we should check the ts->pending flag instead of ts->pendown, since the timer can be pending regardless of ts->pendown. Also if ts->pending is set we can be sure that the timer is running, so no need to rearm it. Similarly if ts->pending is not set we can be sure that the IRQ is enabled (and the timer is not). Signed-off-by: Imre Deak <imre.deak@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
2006-04-11Input: ads7846 - debouncing and rudimentary sample filteringImre Deak
Some touchscreens seem to oscillate heavily for a while after touching the screen.  Implement support for sampling the screen until we get two consecutive values that are close enough. Signed-off-by: Imre Deak <imre.deak@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: Juha Yrjola <juha.yrjola@nokia.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: remove fastcall crapAndrew Morton
gcc4 generates warnings when a non-FASTCALL function pointer is assigned to a FASTCALL one. Perhaps it has taste. Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: use linked lists rather than an arrayVitaly Wool
This makes the SPI core and its users access transfers in the SPI message structure as linked list not as an array, as discussed on LKML. From: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Updates including doc, bugfixes to the list code, add spi_message_add_tail(). Plus, initialize things _before_ grabbing the locks in some cases (in case it grows more expensive). This also merges some bitbang updates of mine that didn't yet make it into the mm tree. Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vwool@ru.mvista.com> Signed-off-by: Dmitry Pervushin <dpervushin@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: M25 series SPI flashMike Lavender
This was originally a driver for the ST M25P80 SPI flash. It's been updated slightly to handle other M25P series chips. For many of these chips, the specific type could be probed, but for now this just requires static setup with flash_platform_data that lists the chip type (size, format) and any default partitioning to use. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Cc: Mike Lavender <mike@steroidmicros.com> Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: add spi_bitbang driverDavid Brownell
This adds a bitbanging spi master, hooking up to board/adapter-specific glue code which knows how to set and read the signals (gpios etc). This code kicks in after the glue code creates a platform_device with the right platform_data. That data includes I/O loops, which will usually come from expanding an inline function (provided in the header). One goal is that the I/O loops should be easily optimized down to a few GPIO register accesses, in common cases, for speed and minimized overhead. This understands all the currently defined protocol tweaking options in the SPI framework, and might eventually serve as as reference implementation. - different word sizes (1..32 bits) - differing clock rates - SPI modes differing by CPOL (affecting chip select and I/O loops) - SPI modes differing by CPHA (affecting I/O loops) - delays (usecs) after transfers - temporarily deselecting chips in mid-transfer A lot of hardware could work with this framework, though common types of controller can't reach peak performance without switching to a driver structure that supports pipelining of transfers (e.g. DMA queues) and maybe controllers (e.g. IRQ driven). Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: ads7836 uses spi_driverDavid Brownell
This updates the ads7864 driver to use the new "spi_driver" struct, and includes some minor unrelated cleanup. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] SPI core tweaks, bugfixDavid Brownell
This includes various updates to the SPI core: - Fixes a driver model refcount bug in spi_unregister_master() paths. - The spi_master structures now have wrappers which help keep drivers from needing class-level get/put for device data or for refcounts. - Check for a few setup errors that would cause oopsing later. - Docs say more about memory management. Highlights the use of DMA-safe i/o buffers, and zero-initializing spi_message and such metadata. - Provide a simple alloc/free for spi_message and its spi_transfer; this is only one of the possible memory management policies. Nothing to break code that already works. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: add spi_driver to SPI frameworkDavid Brownell
This is a refresh of the "Simple SPI Framework" found in 2.6.15-rc3-mm1 which makes the following changes: * There's now a "struct spi_driver". This increase the footprint of the core a bit, since it now includes code to do what the driver core was previously handling directly. Documentation and comments were updated to match. * spi_alloc_master() now does class_device_initialize(), so it can at least be refcounted before spi_register_master(). To match, spi_register_master() switched over to class_device_add(). * States explicitly that after transfer errors, spi_devices will be deselected. We want fault recovery procedures to work the same for all controller drivers. * Minor tweaks: controller_data no longer points to readonly data; prevent some potential cast-from-null bugs with container_of calls; clarifies some existing kerneldoc, And a few small cleanups. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: mtd dataflash driverDavid Brownell
This is a conversion of the AT91rm9200 DataFlash MTD driver to use the lightweight SPI framework, and no longer be AT91-specific. It compiles down to less than 3KBytes on ARM. The driver allows board-specific init code to provide platform_data with the relevant MTD partitioning information, and hotplugs. This version has been lightly tested. Its parent at91_dataflash driver has been pretty well banged on, although kernel.org JFFS2 dataflash support was acting broken the last time I tried it. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: ads7846 driverDavid Brownell
This is a driver for the ADS7846 touchscreen sensor, derived from the corgi_ts and omap_ts drivers. Key differences from those two: - Uses the new SPI framework (minimalist version) - <linux/spi/ads7846.h> abstracts board-specific touchscreen info - Sysfs attributes for the temperature and voltage sensors - Uses fewer ARM-specific IRQ primitives The temperature and voltage sensors show up in sysfs like this: $ pwd /sys/devices/platform/omap-uwire/spi2.0 $ ls bus@ input:event0@ power/ temp1 vbatt driver@ modalias temp0 vaux $ cat modalias ads7846 $ cat temp0 991 $ cat temp1 1177 $ So far only basic testing has been done. There's a fair amount of hardware that uses this sensor, and which also runs Linux, which should eventually be able to use this driver. One portability note may be of special interest. It turns out that not all SPI controllers are happy issuing requests that do things like "write 8 bit command, read 12 bit response". Most of them seem happy to handle various word sizes, so the issue isn't "12 bit response" but rather "different rx and tx write sizes", despite that being a common MicroWire convention. So this version of the driver no longer reads 12 bit native-endian words; it reads 16-bit big-endian responses, then byteswaps them and shifts the results to discard the noise. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
2006-01-13[PATCH] spi: simple SPI frameworkDavid Brownell
This is the core of a small SPI framework, implementing the model of a queue of messages which complete asynchronously (with thin synchronous wrappers on top). - It's still less than 2KB of ".text" (ARM). If there's got to be a mid-layer for something so simple, that's the right size budget. :) - The guts use board-specific SPI device tables to build the driver model tree. (Hardware probing is rarely an option.) - This version of Kconfig includes no drivers. At this writing there are two known master controller drivers (PXA/SSP, OMAP MicroWire) and three protocol drivers (CS8415a, ADS7846, DataFlash) with LKML mentions of other drivers in development. - No userspace API. There are several implementations to compare. Implement them like any other driver, and bind them with sysfs. The changes from last version posted to LKML (on 11-Nov-2005) are minor, and include: - One bugfix (removes a FIXME), with the visible effect of making device names be "spiB.C" where B is the bus number and C is the chipselect. - The "caller provides DMA mappings" mechanism now has kerneldoc, for DMA drivers that want to be fancy. - Hey, the framework init can be subsys_init. Even though board init logic fires earlier, at arch_init ... since the framework init is for driver support, and the board init support uses static init. - Various additional spec/doc clarifications based on discussions with other folk. It adds a brief "thank you" at the end, for folk who've helped nudge this framework into existence. As I've said before, I think that "protocol tweaking" is the main support that this driver framework will need to evolve. From: Mark Underwood <basicmark@yahoo.com> Update the SPI framework to remove a potential priority inversion case by reverting to kmalloc if the pre-allocated DMA-safe buffer isn't available. Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>