| Age | Commit message (Collapse) | Author |
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It makes no sense to me to export invalidate_inode_pages() and not
invalidate_mapping_pages() and I actually need invalidate_mapping_pages()
because of its range specification ability...
akpm: also remove the export of invalidate_inode_pages() by making it an
inlined wrapper.
Signed-off-by: Anton Altaparmakov <aia21@cantab.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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kmem_cache_free() was missing the check for freeing held locks.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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When kernel unmaps an address range, it needs to transfer PTE state into
page struct. Currently, kernel transfer access bit via
mark_page_accessed(). The call to mark_page_accessed in the unmap path
doesn't look logically correct.
At unmap time, calling mark_page_accessed will causes page LRU state to be
bumped up one step closer to more recently used state. It is causing quite
a bit headache in a scenario when a process creates a shmem segment, touch
a whole bunch of pages, then unmaps it. The unmapping takes a long time
because mark_page_accessed() will start moving pages from inactive to
active list.
I'm not too much concerned with moving the page from one list to another in
LRU. Sooner or later it might be moved because of multiple mappings from
various processes. But it just doesn't look logical that when user asks a
range to be unmapped, it's his intention that the process is no longer
interested in these pages. Moving those pages to active list (or bumping
up a state towards more active) seems to be an over reaction. It also
prolongs unmapping latency which is the core issue I'm trying to solve.
As suggested by Peter, we should still preserve the info on pte young
pages, but not more.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Acked-by: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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shmem backed file does not have page writeback, nor it participates in
backing device's dirty or writeback accounting. So using generic
__set_page_dirty_nobuffers() for its .set_page_dirty aops method is a bit
overkill. It unnecessarily prolongs shm unmap latency.
For example, on a densely populated large shm segment (sevearl GBs), the
unmapping operation becomes painfully long. Because at unmap, kernel
transfers dirty bit in PTE into page struct and to the radix tree tag. The
operation of tagging the radix tree is particularly expensive because it
has to traverse the tree from the root to the leaf node on every dirty
page. What's bothering is that radix tree tag is used for page write back.
However, shmem is memory backed and there is no page write back for such
file system. And in the end, we spend all that time tagging radix tree and
none of that fancy tagging will be used. So let's simplify it by introduce
a new aops __set_page_dirty_no_writeback and this will speed up shm unmap.
Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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As Andi pointed out: CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA only disables the ISA DMA
channel management. Other functionality may still expect GFP_DMA to
provide memory below 16M. So we need to make sure that CONFIG_ZONE_DMA is
set independent of CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA. Undo the modifications to
mm/Kconfig where we made ZONE_DMA dependent on GENERIC_ISA_DMA and set
theses explicitly in each arches Kconfig.
Reviews must occur for each arch in order to determine if ZONE_DMA can be
switched off. It can only be switched off if we know that all devices
supported by a platform are capable of performing DMA transfers to all of
memory (Some arches already support this: uml, avr32, sh sh64, parisc and
IA64/Altix).
In order to switch ZONE_DMA off conditionally, one would have to establish
a scheme by which one can assure that no drivers are enabled that are only
capable of doing I/O to a part of memory, or one needs to provide an
alternate means of performing an allocation from a specific range of memory
(like provided by alloc_pages_range()) and insure that all drivers use that
call. In that case the arches alloc_dma_coherent() may need to be modified
to call alloc_pages_range() instead of relying on GFP_DMA.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Make ZONE_DMA optional in core code.
- ifdef all code for ZONE_DMA and related definitions following the example
for ZONE_DMA32 and ZONE_HIGHMEM.
- Without ZONE_DMA, ZONE_HIGHMEM and ZONE_DMA32 we get to a ZONES_SHIFT of
0.
- Modify the VM statistics to work correctly without a DMA zone.
- Modify slab to not create DMA slabs if there is no ZONE_DMA.
[akpm@osdl.org: cleanup]
[jdike@addtoit.com: build fix]
[apw@shadowen.org: Simplify calculation of the number of bits we need for ZONES_SHIFT]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patch simply defines CONFIG_ZONE_DMA for all arches. We later do special
things with CONFIG_ZONE_DMA after the VM and an arch are prepared to work
without ZONE_DMA.
CONFIG_ZONE_DMA can be defined in two ways depending on how an architecture
handles ISA DMA.
First if CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA is set by the arch then we know that the arch
needs ZONE_DMA because ISA DMA devices are supported. We can catch this in
mm/Kconfig and do not need to modify arch code.
Second, arches may use ZONE_DMA in an unknown way. We set CONFIG_ZONE_DMA for
all arches that do not set CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA in order to insure backwards
compatibility. The arches may later undefine ZONE_DMA if their arch code has
been verified to not depend on ZONE_DMA.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patchset follows up on the earlier work in Andrew's tree to reduce the
number of zones. The patches allow to go to a minimum of 2 zones. This one
allows also to make ZONE_DMA optional and therefore the number of zones can be
reduced to one.
ZONE_DMA is usually used for ISA DMA devices. There are a number of reasons
why we would not want to have ZONE_DMA
1. Some arches do not need ZONE_DMA at all.
2. With the advent of IOMMUs DMA zones are no longer needed.
The necessity of DMA zones may drastically be reduced
in the future. This patchset allows a compilation of
a kernel without that overhead.
3. Devices that require ISA DMA get rare these days. All
my systems do not have any need for ISA DMA.
4. The presence of an additional zone unecessarily complicates
VM operations because it must be scanned and balancing
logic must operate on its.
5. With only ZONE_NORMAL one can reach the situation where
we have only one zone. This will allow the unrolling of many
loops in the VM and allows the optimization of varous
code paths in the VM.
6. Having only a single zone in a NUMA system results in a
1-1 correspondence between nodes and zones. Various additional
optimizations to critical VM paths become possible.
Many systems today can operate just fine with a single zone. If you look at
what is in ZONE_DMA then one usually sees that nothing uses it. The DMA slabs
are empty (Some arches use ZONE_DMA instead of ZONE_NORMAL, then ZONE_NORMAL
will be empty instead).
On all of my systems (i386, x86_64, ia64) ZONE_DMA is completely empty. Why
constantly look at an empty zone in /proc/zoneinfo and empty slab in
/proc/slabinfo? Non i386 also frequently have no need for ZONE_DMA and zones
stay empty.
The patchset was tested on i386 (UP / SMP), x86_64 (UP, NUMA) and ia64 (NUMA).
The RFC posted earlier (see
http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=115231723513008&w=2) had lots
of #ifdefs in them. An effort has been made to minize the number of #ifdefs
and make this as compact as possible. The job was made much easier by the
ongoing efforts of others to extract common arch specific functionality.
I have been running this for awhile now on my desktop and finally Linux is
using all my available RAM instead of leaving the 16MB in ZONE_DMA untouched:
christoph@pentium940:~$ cat /proc/zoneinfo
Node 0, zone Normal
pages free 4435
min 1448
low 1810
high 2172
active 241786
inactive 210170
scanned 0 (a: 0 i: 0)
spanned 524224
present 524224
nr_anon_pages 61680
nr_mapped 14271
nr_file_pages 390264
nr_slab_reclaimable 27564
nr_slab_unreclaimable 1793
nr_page_table_pages 449
nr_dirty 39
nr_writeback 0
nr_unstable 0
nr_bounce 0
cpu: 0 pcp: 0
count: 156
high: 186
batch: 31
cpu: 0 pcp: 1
count: 9
high: 62
batch: 15
vm stats threshold: 20
cpu: 1 pcp: 0
count: 177
high: 186
batch: 31
cpu: 1 pcp: 1
count: 12
high: 62
batch: 15
vm stats threshold: 20
all_unreclaimable: 0
prev_priority: 12
temp_priority: 12
start_pfn: 0
This patch:
In two places in the VM we use ZONE_DMA to refer to the first zone. If
ZONE_DMA is optional then other zones may be first. So simply replace
ZONE_DMA with zone 0.
This also fixes ZONETABLE_PGSHIFT. If we have only a single zone then
ZONES_PGSHIFT may become 0 because there is no need anymore to encode the zone
number related to a pgdat. However, we still need a zonetable to index all
the zones for each node if this is a NUMA system. Therefore define
ZONETABLE_SHIFT unconditionally as the offset of the ZONE field in page flags.
[apw@shadowen.org: fix mismerge]
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@steeleye.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Values are available via ZVC sums.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Values are readily available via ZVC per node and global sums.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Function is unnecessary now. We can use the summing features of the ZVCs to
get the values we need.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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nr_free_pages is now a simple access to a global variable. Make it a macro
instead of a function.
The nr_free_pages now requires vmstat.h to be included. There is one
occurrence in power management where we need to add the include. Directly
refrer to global_page_state() there to clarify why the #include was added.
[akpm@osdl.org: arm build fix]
[akpm@osdl.org: sparc64 build fix]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The global and per zone counter sums are in arrays of longs. Reorder the ZVCs
so that the most frequently used ZVCs are put into the same cacheline. That
way calculations of the global, node and per zone vm state touches only a
single cacheline. This is mostly important for 64 bit systems were one 128
byte cacheline takes only 8 longs.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This is again simplifies some of the VM counter calculations through the use
of the ZVC consolidated counters.
[michal.k.k.piotrowski@gmail.com: build fix]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Piotrowski <michal.k.k.piotrowski@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The determination of the dirty ratio to determine writeback behavior is
currently based on the number of total pages on the system.
However, not all pages in the system may be dirtied. Thus the ratio is always
too low and can never reach 100%. The ratio may be particularly skewed if
large hugepage allocations, slab allocations or device driver buffers make
large sections of memory not available anymore. In that case we may get into
a situation in which f.e. the background writeback ratio of 40% cannot be
reached anymore which leads to undesired writeback behavior.
This patchset fixes that issue by determining the ratio based on the actual
pages that may potentially be dirty. These are the pages on the active and
the inactive list plus free pages.
The problem with those counts has so far been that it is expensive to
calculate these because counts from multiple nodes and multiple zones will
have to be summed up. This patchset makes these counters ZVC counters. This
means that a current sum per zone, per node and for the whole system is always
available via global variables and not expensive anymore to calculate.
The patchset results in some other good side effects:
- Removal of the various functions that sum up free, active and inactive
page counts
- Cleanup of the functions that display information via the proc filesystem.
This patch:
The use of a ZVC for nr_inactive and nr_active allows a simplification of some
counter operations. More ZVC functionality is used for sums etc in the
following patches.
[akpm@osdl.org: UP build fix]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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After do_wp_page has tested page_mkwrite, it must release old_page after
acquiring page table lock, not before: at some stage that ordering got
reversed, leaving a (very unlikely) window in which old_page might be
truncated, freed, and reused in the same position.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This early break prevents us from displaying info for the vm stats thresholds
if the zone doesn't have any pages in its per-cpu pagesets.
So my 800MB i386 box says:
Node 0, zone DMA
pages free 2365
min 16
low 20
high 24
active 0
inactive 0
scanned 0 (a: 0 i: 0)
spanned 4096
present 4044
nr_anon_pages 0
nr_mapped 1
nr_file_pages 0
nr_slab_reclaimable 0
nr_slab_unreclaimable 0
nr_page_table_pages 0
nr_dirty 0
nr_writeback 0
nr_unstable 0
nr_bounce 0
nr_vmscan_write 0
protection: (0, 868, 868)
pagesets
all_unreclaimable: 0
prev_priority: 12
start_pfn: 0
Node 0, zone Normal
pages free 199713
min 934
low 1167
high 1401
active 10215
inactive 4507
scanned 0 (a: 0 i: 0)
spanned 225280
present 222420
nr_anon_pages 2685
nr_mapped 1110
nr_file_pages 12055
nr_slab_reclaimable 2216
nr_slab_unreclaimable 1527
nr_page_table_pages 213
nr_dirty 0
nr_writeback 0
nr_unstable 0
nr_bounce 0
nr_vmscan_write 0
protection: (0, 0, 0)
pagesets
cpu: 0 pcp: 0
count: 152
high: 186
batch: 31
cpu: 0 pcp: 1
count: 13
high: 62
batch: 15
vm stats threshold: 16
cpu: 1 pcp: 0
count: 34
high: 186
batch: 31
cpu: 1 pcp: 1
count: 10
high: 62
batch: 15
vm stats threshold: 16
all_unreclaimable: 0
prev_priority: 12
start_pfn: 4096
Just nuke all that search-for-the-first-non-empty-pageset code. Dunno why it
was there in the first place..
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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find_min_pfn_for_node() and find_min_pfn_with_active_regions() sort
early_node_map[] on every call. This is an excessive amount of sorting and
that can be avoided. This patch always searches the whole early_node_map[]
in find_min_pfn_for_node() instead of returning the first value found. The
map is then only sorted once when required. Successfully boot tested on a
number of machines.
[akpm@osdl.org: cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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work structure
Use the pointer passed to cache_reap to determine the work pointer and
consolidate exit paths.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Clean up __cache_alloc and __cache_alloc_node functions a bit. We no
longer need to do NUMA_BUILD tricks and the UMA allocation path is much
simpler. No functional changes in this patch.
Note: saves few kernel text bytes on x86 NUMA build due to using gotos in
__cache_alloc_node() and moving __GFP_THISNODE check in to
fallback_alloc().
Cc: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The PageSlab debug check in kfree_debugcheck() is broken for compound
pages. It is also redundant as we already do BUG_ON for non-slab pages in
page_get_cache() and page_get_slab() which are always called before we free
any actual objects.
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patch adds a utility function install_special_mapping, for creating a
special vma using a fixed set of preallocated pages as backing, such as for a
vDSO. This consolidates some nearly identical code used for vDSO mapping
reimplemented for different architectures.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Also split that long line up - people like to send us wordwrapped oom-kill
traces.
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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__unmap_hugepage_range() is buggy that it does not preserve dirty state of
huge_pte when unmapping hugepage range. It causes data corruption in the
event of dop_caches being used by sys admin. For example, an application
creates a hugetlb file, modify pages, then unmap it. While leaving the
hugetlb file alive, comes along sys admin doing a "echo 3 >
/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches".
drop_pagecache_sb() will happily free all pages that aren't marked dirty if
there are no active mapping. Later when application remaps the hugetlb
file back and all data are gone, triggering catastrophic flip over on
application.
Not only that, the internal resv_huge_pages count will also get all messed
up. Fix it up by marking page dirty appropriately.
Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenchen@google.com>
Cc: "Nish Aravamudan" <nish.aravamudan@gmail.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Remove find_trylock_page as per the removal schedule.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
[ Let's see if anybody screams ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This reverts commit e80ee884ae0e3794ef2b65a18a767d502ad712ee.
Pawel Sikora had a boot-time oops due to it - because the sign change
invalidates the following comparisons, since 'free_pages' can be
negative.
The micro-optimization just isn't worth it.
Bisected-by: Pawel Sikora <pluto@agmk.net>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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When expanding the stack, we don't currently check if the VMA will cross
into an area of the address space that is reserved for hugetlb pages.
Subsequent faults on the expanded portion of such a VMA will confuse the
low-level MMU code, resulting in an OOPS. Check for this.
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Nick Piggin points out that page accounting on MIPS multiple ZERO_PAGEs
is not maintained by its move_pte, and could lead to freeing a ZERO_PAGE.
Instead of complicating that move_pte, just forget the minor optimization
when mremapping, and change the one thing which needed it for correctness
- filemap_xip use ZERO_PAGE(0) throughout instead of according to address.
[ "There is no block device driver one could use for XIP on mips
platforms" - Carsten Otte ]
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This makes balance_dirty_page() always base its calculations on the
amount of non-highmem memory in the machine, rather than try to base it
on total memory and then falling back on non-highmem memory if the
mapping it was writing wasn't highmem capable.
This not only fixes a situation where two different writers can have
wildly different notions about what is a "balanced" dirty state, but it
also means that people with highmem machines don't run into an OOM
situation when regular memory fills up with dirty pages.
We used to try to handle the latter case by scaling down the dirty_ratio
if the machine had a lot of highmem pages in page_writeback_init(), but
it wasn't aggressive enough for some situations, and since basing the
dirty ratio on highmem memory was broken in the first place, let's just
stop doing so.
(A variation of this theme fixed Justin Piszcz's OOM problem when
copying an 18GB file on a RAID setup).
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Justin Piszcz <jpiszcz@lucidpixels.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Cc: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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NFS can handle the case where invalidate_inode_pages2_range() fails, so the
premise behind commit 8258d4a574d3a8c01f0ef68aa26b969398a0e140 is now gone.
Remove the WARN_ON_ONCE() which is causing users grief as we can see from
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=7826
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patch fixes core dumps to include the vDSO vma, which is left out now.
It removes the special-case core writing macros, which were not doing the
right thing for the vDSO vma anyway. Instead, it uses VM_ALWAYSDUMP in the
vma; there is no need for the fixmap page to be installed. It handles the
CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO case by making elf_core_dump use the fake vma from
get_gate_vma after real vmas in the same way the /proc/PID/maps code does.
This changes core dumps so they no longer include the non-PT_LOAD phdrs from
the vDSO. I made the change to add them in the first place, but in turned out
that nothing ever wanted them there since the advent of NT_AUXV. It's cleaner
to leave them out, and just let the phdrs inside the vDSO image speak for
themselves.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patch fixes the initialization of gate_vma.vm_flags and
gate_vma.vm_page_prot to reflect reality. This makes the "[vdso]" line in
/proc/PID/maps correctly show r-xp instead of ---p, when gate_vma is used
(CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO on i386).
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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It's not pretty, but it appears that ext3 with data=journal will clean
pages without ever actually telling the VM that they are clean. This,
in turn, will result in the VM (and balance_dirty_pages() in particular)
to never realize that the pages got cleaned, and wait forever for an
event that already happened.
Technically, this seems to be a problem with ext3 itself, but it used to
be hidden by 'try_to_free_buffers()' noticing this situation on its own,
and just working around the filesystem problem.
This commit re-instates that hack, in order to avoid a regression for
the 2.6.20 release. This fixes bugzilla 7844:
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=7844
Peter Zijlstra points out that we should probably retain the debugging
code that this removes from cancel_dirty_page(), and I agree, but for
the imminent release we might as well just silence the warning too
(since it's not a new bug: anything that triggers that warning has been
around forever).
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Acked-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Currently one can specify an arbitrary node mask to mbind that includes
nodes not allowed. If that is done with an interleave policy then we will
go around all the nodes. Those outside of the currently allowed cpuset
will be redirected to the border nodes. Interleave will then create
imbalances at the borders of the cpuset.
This patch restricts the nodes to the currently allowed cpuset.
The RFC for this patch was discussed at
http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?t=116793842100004&r=1&w=2
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Currently we issue a bounce trace when __blk_queue_bounce() is called,
but that merely means that the device has a lower dma mask than the
higher pages in the system. The bio itself may still be lower pages. So
move the bounce trace into __blk_queue_bounce(), when we know there will
actually be page bouncing.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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NFS: Fix race in nfs_release_page()
invalidate_inode_pages2() may find the dirty bit has been set on a page
owing to the fact that the page may still be mapped after it was locked.
Only after the call to unmap_mapping_range() are we sure that the page
can no longer be dirtied.
In order to fix this, NFS has hooked the releasepage() method and tries
to write the page out between the call to unmap_mapping_range() and the
call to remove_mapping(). This, however leads to deadlocks in the page
reclaim code, where the page may be locked without holding a reference
to the inode or dentry.
Fix is to add a new address_space_operation, launder_page(), which will
attempt to write out a dirty page without releasing the page lock.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Also, the bare SetPageDirty() can skew all sort of accounting leading to
other nasties.
[akpm@osdl.org: cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Fix an oops experienced on the Cell architecture when init-time functions,
early_*(), are called at runtime. It alters the call paths to make sure
that the callers explicitly say whether the call is being made on behalf of
a hotplug even, or happening at boot-time.
It has been compile tested on ppc64, ia64, s390, i386 and x86_64.
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arndb@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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* master.kernel.org:/home/rmk/linux-2.6-arm:
[ARM] Provide basic printk_clock() implementation
[ARM] Resolve fuse and direct-IO failures due to missing cache flushes
[ARM] pass vma for flush_anon_page()
[ARM] Fix potential MMCI bug
[ARM] Fix kernel-mode undefined instruction aborts
[ARM] 4082/1: iop3xx: fix iop33x gpio register offset
[ARM] 4070/1: arch/arm/kernel: fix warnings from missing includes
[ARM] 4079/1: iop: Update MAINTAINERS
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Since get_user_pages() may be used with processes other than the
current process and calls flush_anon_page(), flush_anon_page() has to
cope in some way with non-current processes.
It may not be appropriate, or even desirable to flush a region of
virtual memory cache in the current process when that is different to
the process that we want the flush to occur for.
Therefore, pass the vma into flush_anon_page() so that the architecture
can work out whether the 'vmaddr' is for the current process or not.
Signed-off-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
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At the end of shrink_all_memory() we forget to recalculate lru_pages: it can
be zero.
Fix that up, and add a helper function for this operation too.
Also, recalculate lru_pages each time around the inner loop to get the
balancing correct.
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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These days, if you swapoff when there isn't enough memory, OOM killer gives
"BUG: scheduling while atomic" and the machine hangs: badness() needs to do
its PF_SWAPOFF return after the task_unlock (tasklist_lock is also held
here, so p isn't going to be freed: PF_SWAPOFF might get turned off at any
moment, but that doesn't really matter).
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Both process_zones() and drain_node_pages() check for populated zones
before touching pagesets. However, __drain_pages does not do so,
This may result in a NULL pointer dereference for pagesets in unpopulated
zones if a NUMA setup is combined with cpu hotplug.
Initially the unpopulated zone has the pcp pointers pointing to the boot
pagesets. Since the zone is not populated the boot pageset pointers will
not be changed during page allocator and slab bootstrap.
If a cpu is later brought down (first call to __drain_pages()) then the pcp
pointers for cpus in unpopulated zones are set to NULL since __drain_pages
does not first check for an unpopulated zone.
If the cpu is then brought up again then we call process_zones() which will
ignore the unpopulated zone. So the pageset pointers will still be NULL.
If the cpu is then again brought down then __drain_pages will attempt to
drain pages by following the NULL pageset pointer for unpopulated zones.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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pdflush hit the BUG_ON(!PageSlab(page)) in kmem_freepages called from
fallback_alloc: cache_grow already freed those pages when alloc_slabmgmt
failed. But it wouldn't have freed them if __GFP_NO_GROW, so make sure
fallback_alloc doesn't waste its time on that case.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Pekka J Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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At the moment the inode/dentry cache hash tables (common by way of
alloc_large_system_hash()) are incorrectly sized by their respective
detection logic when we attempt to use large base pages on systems with
little memory.
This results in odd behaviour when using a 64kB PAGE_SIZE, such as:
Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: -1, 32768 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: -2, 16384 bytes)
The mount cache hash table is seemingly the only one that gets this right
by directly taking PAGE_SIZE in to account.
The following patch attempts to catch the bogus values and round it up to
at least 0-order.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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In the kernels later than 2.6.19 there is a regression that makes swsusp
fail if the resume device is not explicitly specified.
It can be fixed by adding an additional parameter to
mm/swapfile.c:swap_type_of() allowing us to pass the (struct block_device
*) corresponding to the first available swap back to the caller.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Fix a rather obvious buglet. Noticed while instrumenting the VM using
/proc/vmstat.
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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(akpm: macros are wonderful)
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Recent cleanup of slab.h broke SLOB allocator: the routine kmem_cache_init
has now the __init attribute for both slab.c and slob.c. This routine
cannot be removed after init in the case of slob.c -- it serves as a timer
callback.
Provide a separate timer callback routine, call it once from kmem_cache_init,
keep the __init attribute on the latter.
Signed-off-by: Dimitri Gorokhovik <dimitri.gorokhovik@free.fr>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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take2
constrained_alloc(), which is called to detect where oom is from, checks
passed zone_list(). If zone_list doesn't include all nodes, it thinks oom
is from mempolicy.
But there is memory-less-node. memory-less-node's zones are never included
in zonelist[].
contstrained_alloc() should get memory_less_node into count. Otherwise, it
always thinks 'oom is from mempolicy'. This means that current process
dies at any time. This patch fix it.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Paul Jackson <pj@sgi.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@engr.sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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The VM layer (on the face of it, fairly reasonably) expected that when
it does a ->writepage() call to the filesystem, it would write out the
full page at that point in time. Especially since it had earlier marked
the whole page dirty with "set_page_dirty()".
But that isn't actually the case: ->writepage() does not actually write
a page, it writes the parts of the page that have been explicitly marked
dirty before, *and* that had not got written out for other reasons since
the last time we told it they were dirty.
That last caveat is the important one.
Which _most_ of the time ends up being the whole page (since we had
called "set_page_dirty()" on the page earlier), but if the filesystem
had done any dirty flushing of its own (for example, to honor some
internal write ordering guarantees), it might end up doing only a
partial page IO (or none at all) when ->writepage() is actually called.
That is the correct thing in general (since we actually often _want_
only the known-dirty parts of the page to be written out), but the
shared dirty page handling had implicitly forgotten about these details,
and had a number of cases where it was doing just the "->writepage()"
part, without telling the low-level filesystem that the whole page might
have been re-dirtied as part of being mapped writably into user space.
Since most of the time the FS did actually write out the full page, we
didn't notice this for a loong time, and this needed some really odd
patterns to trigger. But it caused occasional corruption with rtorrent
and with the Debian "apt" database, because both use shared mmaps to
update the end result.
This fixes it. Finally. After way too much hair-pulling.
Acked-by: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Acked-by: Martin J. Bligh <mbligh@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin Michlmayr <tbm@cyrius.com>
Acked-by: Martin Johansson <martin@fatbob.nu>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Andrei Popa <andrei.popa@i-neo.ro>
Cc: High Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>,
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Segher Boessenkool <segher@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Gordon Farquharson <gordonfarquharson@gmail.com>
Cc: Guillaume Chazarain <guichaz@yahoo.fr>
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Kenneth Cheng <kenneth.w.chen@intel.com>
Cc: Tobias Diedrich <ranma@tdiedrich.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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