1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
|
/*
* linux/boot/head.S
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993 Linus Torvalds
*/
/*
* head.S contains the 32-bit startup code.
*
* NOTE!!! Startup happens at absolute address 0x00001000, which is also where
* the page directory will exist. The startup code will be overwritten by
* the page directory. [According to comments etc elsewhere on a compressed
* kernel it will end up at 0x1000 + 1Mb I hope so as I assume this. - AC]
*
* Page 0 is deliberately kept safe, since System Management Mode code in
* laptops may need to access the BIOS data stored there. This is also
* useful for future device drivers that either access the BIOS via VM86
* mode.
*/
/*
* High loaded stuff by Hans Lermen & Werner Almesberger, Feb. 1996
*/
.code32
.text
#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <asm/segment.h>
#include <asm/pgtable_types.h>
#include <asm/page_types.h>
#include <asm/boot.h>
#include <asm/msr.h>
#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
.section ".text.head"
.code32
ENTRY(startup_32)
cld
/* test KEEP_SEGMENTS flag to see if the bootloader is asking
* us to not reload segments */
testb $(1<<6), BP_loadflags(%esi)
jnz 1f
cli
movl $(__KERNEL_DS), %eax
movl %eax, %ds
movl %eax, %es
movl %eax, %ss
1:
/* Calculate the delta between where we were compiled to run
* at and where we were actually loaded at. This can only be done
* with a short local call on x86. Nothing else will tell us what
* address we are running at. The reserved chunk of the real-mode
* data at 0x1e4 (defined as a scratch field) are used as the stack
* for this calculation. Only 4 bytes are needed.
*/
leal (0x1e4+4)(%esi), %esp
call 1f
1: popl %ebp
subl $1b, %ebp
/* setup a stack and make sure cpu supports long mode. */
movl $boot_stack_end, %eax
addl %ebp, %eax
movl %eax, %esp
call verify_cpu
testl %eax, %eax
jnz no_longmode
/* Compute the delta between where we were compiled to run at
* and where the code will actually run at.
*/
/* %ebp contains the address we are loaded at by the boot loader and %ebx
* contains the address where we should move the kernel image temporarily
* for safe in-place decompression.
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
movl %ebp, %ebx
addl $(PMD_PAGE_SIZE -1), %ebx
andl $PMD_PAGE_MASK, %ebx
#else
movl $CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START, %ebx
#endif
/* Replace the compressed data size with the uncompressed size */
subl input_len(%ebp), %ebx
movl output_len(%ebp), %eax
addl %eax, %ebx
/* Add 8 bytes for every 32K input block */
shrl $12, %eax
addl %eax, %ebx
/* Add 32K + 18 bytes of extra slack and align on a 4K boundary */
addl $(32768 + 18 + 4095), %ebx
andl $~4095, %ebx
/*
* Prepare for entering 64 bit mode
*/
/* Load new GDT with the 64bit segments using 32bit descriptor */
leal gdt(%ebp), %eax
movl %eax, gdt+2(%ebp)
lgdt gdt(%ebp)
/* Enable PAE mode */
xorl %eax, %eax
orl $(X86_CR4_PAE), %eax
movl %eax, %cr4
/*
* Build early 4G boot pagetable
*/
/* Initialize Page tables to 0*/
leal pgtable(%ebx), %edi
xorl %eax, %eax
movl $((4096*6)/4), %ecx
rep stosl
/* Build Level 4 */
leal pgtable + 0(%ebx), %edi
leal 0x1007 (%edi), %eax
movl %eax, 0(%edi)
/* Build Level 3 */
leal pgtable + 0x1000(%ebx), %edi
leal 0x1007(%edi), %eax
movl $4, %ecx
1: movl %eax, 0x00(%edi)
addl $0x00001000, %eax
addl $8, %edi
decl %ecx
jnz 1b
/* Build Level 2 */
leal pgtable + 0x2000(%ebx), %edi
movl $0x00000183, %eax
movl $2048, %ecx
1: movl %eax, 0(%edi)
addl $0x00200000, %eax
addl $8, %edi
decl %ecx
jnz 1b
/* Enable the boot page tables */
leal pgtable(%ebx), %eax
movl %eax, %cr3
/* Enable Long mode in EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */
movl $MSR_EFER, %ecx
rdmsr
btsl $_EFER_LME, %eax
wrmsr
/* Setup for the jump to 64bit mode
*
* When the jump is performend we will be in long mode but
* in 32bit compatibility mode with EFER.LME = 1, CS.L = 0, CS.D = 1
* (and in turn EFER.LMA = 1). To jump into 64bit mode we use
* the new gdt/idt that has __KERNEL_CS with CS.L = 1.
* We place all of the values on our mini stack so lret can
* used to perform that far jump.
*/
pushl $__KERNEL_CS
leal startup_64(%ebp), %eax
pushl %eax
/* Enter paged protected Mode, activating Long Mode */
movl $(X86_CR0_PG | X86_CR0_PE), %eax /* Enable Paging and Protected mode */
movl %eax, %cr0
/* Jump from 32bit compatibility mode into 64bit mode. */
lret
ENDPROC(startup_32)
no_longmode:
/* This isn't an x86-64 CPU so hang */
1:
hlt
jmp 1b
#include "../../kernel/verify_cpu_64.S"
/* Be careful here startup_64 needs to be at a predictable
* address so I can export it in an ELF header. Bootloaders
* should look at the ELF header to find this address, as
* it may change in the future.
*/
.code64
.org 0x200
ENTRY(startup_64)
/* We come here either from startup_32 or directly from a
* 64bit bootloader. If we come here from a bootloader we depend on
* an identity mapped page table being provied that maps our
* entire text+data+bss and hopefully all of memory.
*/
/* Setup data segments. */
xorl %eax, %eax
movl %eax, %ds
movl %eax, %es
movl %eax, %ss
movl %eax, %fs
movl %eax, %gs
lldt %ax
movl $0x20, %eax
ltr %ax
/* Compute the decompressed kernel start address. It is where
* we were loaded at aligned to a 2M boundary. %rbp contains the
* decompressed kernel start address.
*
* If it is a relocatable kernel then decompress and run the kernel
* from load address aligned to 2MB addr, otherwise decompress and
* run the kernel from CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START
*/
/* Start with the delta to where the kernel will run at. */
#ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
leaq startup_32(%rip) /* - $startup_32 */, %rbp
addq $(PMD_PAGE_SIZE - 1), %rbp
andq $PMD_PAGE_MASK, %rbp
movq %rbp, %rbx
#else
movq $CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START, %rbp
movq %rbp, %rbx
#endif
/* Replace the compressed data size with the uncompressed size */
movl input_len(%rip), %eax
subq %rax, %rbx
movl output_len(%rip), %eax
addq %rax, %rbx
/* Add 8 bytes for every 32K input block */
shrq $12, %rax
addq %rax, %rbx
/* Add 32K + 18 bytes of extra slack and align on a 4K boundary */
addq $(32768 + 18 + 4095), %rbx
andq $~4095, %rbx
/* Copy the compressed kernel to the end of our buffer
* where decompression in place becomes safe.
*/
leaq _end_before_pgt(%rip), %r8
leaq _end_before_pgt(%rbx), %r9
movq $_end_before_pgt /* - $startup_32 */, %rcx
1: subq $8, %r8
subq $8, %r9
movq 0(%r8), %rax
movq %rax, 0(%r9)
subq $8, %rcx
jnz 1b
/*
* Jump to the relocated address.
*/
leaq relocated(%rbx), %rax
jmp *%rax
.section ".text"
relocated:
/*
* Clear BSS
*/
xorq %rax, %rax
leaq _edata(%rbx), %rdi
leaq _end_before_pgt(%rbx), %rcx
subq %rdi, %rcx
cld
rep
stosb
/* Setup the stack */
leaq boot_stack_end(%rip), %rsp
/* zero EFLAGS after setting rsp */
pushq $0
popfq
/*
* Do the decompression, and jump to the new kernel..
*/
pushq %rsi # Save the real mode argument
movq %rsi, %rdi # real mode address
leaq boot_heap(%rip), %rsi # malloc area for uncompression
leaq input_data(%rip), %rdx # input_data
movl input_len(%rip), %eax
movq %rax, %rcx # input_len
movq %rbp, %r8 # output
call decompress_kernel
popq %rsi
/*
* Jump to the decompressed kernel.
*/
jmp *%rbp
.data
gdt:
.word gdt_end - gdt
.long gdt
.word 0
.quad 0x0000000000000000 /* NULL descriptor */
.quad 0x00af9a000000ffff /* __KERNEL_CS */
.quad 0x00cf92000000ffff /* __KERNEL_DS */
.quad 0x0080890000000000 /* TS descriptor */
.quad 0x0000000000000000 /* TS continued */
gdt_end:
.bss
/* Stack and heap for uncompression */
.balign 4
boot_heap:
.fill BOOT_HEAP_SIZE, 1, 0
boot_stack:
.fill BOOT_STACK_SIZE, 1, 0
boot_stack_end:
|
